基于CRISPR/Cas的生物传感平台在分子诊断中的应用  

CRISPR/Cas Based Biosensing Platforms for Molecular Diagnosis

作　　者：李甜 李娜[2] LI Tian;LI Na(School of Basic Medical Sciences,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学基础医学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]北京大学化学与分子工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《分析测试学报》2022年第4期520-528,共9页Journal of Instrumental Analysis

基　　金：Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province of China(202300410145);National Natural Science Foundation of China(22135004,21974006)。

摘　　要：簇状规则间隔短回文重复序列(CRISPR)和CRISPR相关蛋白(Cas)不仅在基因工程领域炙手可热,而且正发展成为核酸精准检测领域的新利器。得益于Cas蛋白对核酸序列的特异性识别以及部分Cas蛋白的附属切割活性,Ⅱ类CRISPR/Cas系统在体外诊断及现场即时检测领域独具优势。该综述简要介绍了CRISPR/Cas系统的工作机理,重点总结了近3年基于不同信号读出方式的CRISPR/Cas生物传感平台在分子诊断领域中的应用。Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)and CRISPR-associated proteins(Cas)have become highly promising candidates in the construction of biosensing systems and diagnostic devices,in addition to their roles as revolutionary genome engineering tools.Forin vitro diagnostics,the classⅡCRISPR/Cas systems possess unique advantages,such as high detection sensitivity and specificity,and the feasibility for developing point-of-care diagnostic technology.This minireview briefly introduces the working mechanism of CRISPR/Cas systems and mainly focus on the various diagnostic methods based on the CRISPR/Cas for detecting different forms of the genetic molecules in recent three years according to different readout methods.

关 键 词：CRISPR/Cas 分子诊断 即时检测 生物传感 

分 类 号：O65[理学—分析化学] S951.42[理学—化学]