2019年会宁县某职业技术学校一起风疹暴发疫情调查  

Investigation on an outbreak of rubella in a vocational-technical school of Huining county in 2019

作　　者：赫永虎[1] 王亮[2] 杨军鹏[1] 刘世文[1] 强丽红 HE Yong-hu;WANG Liang;YANG Jun-peng;LIU Shi-wen;QIANG Li-hong(Baiyin Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Baiyin,Gansu 730900,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省白银市疾病预防控制中心,甘肃白银730900 [2]四川省成都市疾病预防控制中心,成都610000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2022年第1期82-85,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的 分析甘肃省白银市会宁县某职业技术学校一起风疹暴发疫情,为疫情防控提供依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病监测系统发现会宁县某职业技术学校发生风疹疫情暴发,专业人员及时赴现场对该校师生开展病例搜索、师生访谈、采样检测等。结果 该校1 035名学生中,风疹病例50例、罹患率4.8%,临床表现以发热和出疹为主、均占100%,一年级发病31例,二年级发病19例,老师未发病,首发病例为二年级一名男生;一年级不同班级(χ^(2)=21.766)、男生宿舍楼间(χ^(2)=6.758)和女生宿舍楼间(χ^(2)=8.052)罹患率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);48.0%的病例未能及时隔离,66.7%的病例隔离期限不够;学校晨午检、通风等预防控制措施落实不到位。结论 本次暴发是风疹病毒感染所致,感染来源可能是学校感染,病例发病后未及时隔离或隔离期限不够;应加强学校传染病防控知识培训,落实各项防控措施,强化人群疫苗接种。Objective To analyze an outbreak of rubella in a vocational and technical school in Huining county, Baiyin city of Gansu province, and provide basis for the epidemic prevention and control. Methods An outbreak of rubella in a vocational and technical school in Huining county was found through the infectious disease monitoring system of China disease prevention and control information system. Professional staffs went to the school in time to carry out case search,interview with teachers and students and take samples for detection. Results There were 50 rubella cases with the attack rate of 4.8% in 1 035 students in a school. Fever and rash were the main clinical manifestations and accounted for 100% both.There were 31 cases in grade one, 19 cases in grade two and no cases found in teachers. The first case was a boy student in grade two;The statistical differences of the attack rates were significant(P<0.05) in the different classes of grade one(χ^(2)=21.766), the male students in different floors(χ^(2)=6.758) and the female students in different floors(χ^(2)=8.052). The 48% of the cases were not quarantined in time, and the quarantine period was not adequate in the 66.7% of the cases. The prevention and control measures of morning and afternoon examination and ventilation at school were not implemented in place.Conclusions This outbreak was caused by rubella virus infection, the source probably come from school infection, and the cases do not be quarantined in time or the quarantine period is not long enough. The training of prevention and control knowledge about infectious diseases should be strengthened in schools. The measures of prevention and control should be implemented in place, and the vaccination should be enhanced in the population.

关 键 词：风疹 流行病 暴发 

分 类 号：R511.2[医药卫生—内科学]