卫匡国《中国新图志》经纬度数据的来源  

The Sources of the Coordinate Values in Martino Martini’s Novus Atlas Sinensis

作　　者：林宏 Lin Hong(Department of History,School of Humanities,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai,200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院历史系,上海200234

出　　处：《中国历史地理论丛》2022年第1期29-43,共15页Journal of Chinese Historical Geography

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“早期西文中国地图制图方法与谱系研究(1500—1734)”(19CZS078)。

摘　　要：卫匡国的《中国新图志》是在欧洲刊行的第一部中国分省地图集,书中包含1750余条目的中国城市、聚落经纬度详表在地图史上也是首创。本文经过长时段的分析,探明数据来源问题,复原卫匡国的制图方法,并对前人研究中的误解做出辨析。卫匡国仅做过个别纬度实测,从未做过经度实测。为使图集尽快出版,他沿用欧洲制图家旧图示设定中国的总体经度范围。经纬度表中的绝大多数数值是在少量控制点数值基础上,主要根据《广舆记》分省地图上的相对方位推算得出。Martino Martini’s Novus Atlas Sinensis(1655) was the first provincial atlas of China published in Europe. The detailed catalog of coordinates of over 1,750 values of Chinese cities and settlements in Martini’s atlas is innovative. Through long-term study, the sources of the values are identified, Martini’s mapping method is reconstructed, and some incorrect opinions in previous studies are discussed in this article. Martini made very few latitude measurements and no longitude measurement at all. Martini set the overall longitude range of China according to outdated maps of the mainstream European mapmakers in order to publish as soon as possible. Almost all of the values in the catalog were reckoned mainly according to the relative position of sites on provincial maps in Guang Yu Ji.

关 键 词：卫匡国 《中国新图志》 经纬度 推算值 制图方法 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学]