2010—2020年上海市奉贤区南桥镇疑似预防接种异常反应监测数据分析  

Analysis on surveillance data of adverse event following immunization in Nanqiao Town of Fengxian District in Shanghai from 2010-2020

作　　者：吴瑛 李瑞平[2] 高彩红[2] WU Ying;LI Rui-ping;GAO Cai-hong(Prevention and Health Care Department,Community Health Service Center of Nanqiao Township in Fengxian District,Shanghai,201499,China;Immunization Planning Department,Fengxian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai,201499,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区南桥镇社区卫生服务中心预防保健科,上海201499 [2]上海市奉贤区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,上海201499

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第5期654-658,共5页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解2010—2020年上海市奉贤区南桥镇疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse event following immunization,AEFI)的流行病学特征,评价监测系统的运行质量和疫苗的安全性。方法通过AEFI信息管理系统收集2010—2020年上海市奉贤区南桥镇AEFI个案数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果2010—2020年上海市奉贤区南桥镇共报告AEFI1491例,年平均报告发生率为188.15/10万剂。一般反应报告发生率为182.47/10万剂,以发热为主(53.25%),其次为红肿、硬结或疼痛(36.28%);异常反应报告发生率为5.30/10万剂,以过敏性皮疹为主(2.68%)。AEFI病例男女性别比为1.32∶1,≤1岁儿童占61.77%,病例集中发生在5—9月;AEFI发生时间大多数在接种后1天内,占60.90%;带状疱疹疫苗、五联疫苗、四联疫苗等非免疫规划疫苗引起的AEFI报告发生率较高。结论2010—2020年上海市奉贤区南桥镇AEFI以一般反应为主,严重异常反应发生率极低。建议进一步规范预防接种,重点加强1岁以内儿童和接种后24 h内的AEFI监测。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of adverse event following immunization(AEFI)in Nanqiao Town of Fengxian District in Shanghai from 2010-2020,evaluate the operating quality of monitoring system and safety of vaccine.Methods The data of AEFI cases in Nanqiao Town of Fengxian District in Shanghai from 2010-2020 were collected through AEFI Information Management System,and were analyzed by the describe epidemiological methods.Results A total of 1491 AEFI cases were reported in Nanqiao Town of Fengxian District in Shanghai from 2010-2020,with the annual average reported incidence rate of 188.15/100000 doses.The incidence rate was 182.47/100000 doses for common adverse reactions,which were primarily fever(53.25%),followed by redness/swelling,induration and ache(36.28%).The reported incidence rate was 5.30/100000doses for rare adverse reactions,which were mostly allergic rash(2.68%).The ratio of male to female was 1.32∶1,children below age of one year old accounted for 61.77%,and the cases were clustered in the months of May to September.Most of AEFI cases occurred within one day after vaccination,accounting for 60.90%.The incidence rate of AEFI for non-National Immunization Program(NIP)vaccines was higher,such as Recombinant Zoster Vaccine(RZV),DTaP-IPV/Hib and DTaP-Hib.Conclusions Most AEFI cases in Nanqiao Town of Fengxian District in Shanghai from 2010-2020 are common vaccine reactions,and the serious vaccine reactions are extremely infrequent.It is suggested that the vaccination should be further standardize,and AEFI monitoring of children under 1 year old and within 24 hours after vaccination should be strengthened.

关 键 词：疫苗 疑似预防接种异常反应 监测 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]