多模式运动对轻度认知功能障碍老年人认知功能和神经可塑性的影响  

Effect of Multi-Mode Exercise on Cognitive Function and Neuroplasticity in the Elderly with MCI

作　　者：尹丽琴 汤长发[2] 罗伟强[3] 陶霞 李范玲 李军[5] YIN Linqin;TANG Changfa;LUO Weiqiang;TAO Xia;LI Fanling;LI Jun(Institute of Sport SciNEes,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 2004318,China;Department of PE,Hunan Normal University,Changsha 410082,China;Zhuzhou Central Hospital,Zhuzhou 412007,China;Hunan Provincial People's Hospital,Changsha 410005,China;Department of PE,Hunan University of Technology,Zhuzhou 412008,China)

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院科学研究院,上海200438 [2]湖南师范大学体育学院,湖南长沙410082 [3]湖南省株洲市中心医院,湖南株洲412007 [4]湖南省人民医院,湖南长沙410005 [5]湖南工业大学体育学院,湖南株洲412008

出　　处：《体育科学》2022年第1期78-87,F0003,共11页China Sport Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJC890038);湖南省自然科学基金青年项目(2018JJ3119);湖南省社会科学基金青年项目(18YBQ045);湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(20B171)。

摘　　要：目的:探索多模式运动对轻度认知功能障碍(mildcognitiveimpairment,MCI)老年人认知功能、神经营养因子(neurotrophicfactors,NFs)、β-淀粉样蛋白(β-amploid,Aβ)、Tau蛋白及海马亚区体积的影响。方法:将25名健康老年人和25名MCI老年人分别随机分为运动组与对照组,对运动组进行20周多模式运动干预,评估干预前后认知功能、血液生化指标及海马亚区体积萎缩率,配对比较干预前后各类指标变化,并对各指标进行相关分析。结果:(1)干预后MCI运动组整体认知功能、注意力、语言流畅性及逻辑记忆水平显著提高(P<0.01);(2)MCI运动组Aβ_(1-42)含量显著升高(P<0.01),对照组Tau蛋白含量显著升高(P<0.05),运动组NFs水平显著提高(P<0.01);(3)运动组左侧海马安蒙氏角1区(LCA1)(P<0.01)、左侧海马齿状回(LDG)(P<0.05)萎缩率显著低于对照组;(4)认知功能变化与LCA1、左侧海马安蒙氏角4区(LCA4)萎缩率及Aβ_(1-42)、Tau蛋白变化呈显著负相关,与NFs变化显著呈正相关。结论:多模式运动可改善老年人整体认知功能、注意力、语言流畅性,对老年人MCI有一定的恢复治疗作用,对逻辑记忆、执行功能的改善效果不明显。可通过增加外周血清中Aβ_(1-42)含量,降低Tau蛋白含量,提高NFs水平,延缓海马CA1、CA4及DG亚区的萎缩。Objective:To explore the effects of multi-mode exercise on cognitive function,neurotrophic factors(NFs),β-amploid(Aβ),Tau protein and hippocampal subarea volume of the elderly with mild cognitive impairment(MCI).Methods:25 healthy and25 MCI elderly subjects were enrolled in this study,and they were randomly divided into exercise and control groups,respectively.The exercise group completed 20 weeks of multi-mode exercise intervention.The cognitive function,blood biochemical indexes and hippocampal subfields volume atrophy rate were evaluated before and after the intervention.Paired comparisons and correlation analysis were used to analyze the data.Results:(1)The cognitive function,attention,verbal fluency and logical memory were improved significantly in the MCI exercise group after intervention(P<0.01);(2)The content of Aβ_(1-42) in exercise group with MCI was increased significantly(P<0.01),and the content of Tau protein in the control group was increased significantly(P<0.05),the level of NFs in exercise group was increased significantly(P<0.01);(3)The atrophy rate of LCA1(P<0.01)and LDG(P<0.05)in exercise group was significantly lower than that of control group;(4)The changes of cognitive function were negatively correlated with the atrophying rates of LCA1 and LCA4,Aβ_(1-42) and Tau protein,but it was positively correlated with the changes of NFS.Conclusions:Multi-mode exercise can improve the overall cognitive function,attention and verbal fluency in the elderly,and it have a certain recovery and therapeutic effect on the elderly with MCI.However,the multi-mode exercise has no significant effect on logical memory and executive function.It can increase the content of Aβ_(1-42) in peripheral blood,decrease the content of Tau protein,increase the level of NFs,and delay the atrophying of CA1,CA4 and DG in hippocampus.

关 键 词：多模式运动 轻度认知功能障碍 神经可塑性 β样淀粉蛋白 TAU蛋白 海马亚区 

分 类 号：G804.55[文化科学—运动人体科学]