体力活动水平和年龄对强制戒毒人员身体素质和心理健康的影响  

Effect of Physical Activity Level and Age on Physical Fitness and Mental Health of Compulsory Drug Addicts

作　　者：贾敏 侯捷[1] 方相 王晨[1] 张美珍[1] Jia Min;Hou Jie;Fang Xiang;Wang Chen;Zhang Meizhen(Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学,山西太原030024

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2022年第4期247-251,共5页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

摘　　要：目的:本研究旨在分析强制戒毒人员的体力活动水平和年龄对身体素质和心理健康的影响,以期为后期制定运动干预方案时提供参考。方法:运用问卷调查法、数理统计法以及各项身体素质指标测试对太原市某强制隔离戒毒所161名强制隔离戒毒人员不同体力活动水平和年龄对身体素质和心理健康的影响进行研究。结果:不同体力活动和年龄仅对叉腰纵跳(F;=2.397,p=0.032)存在显著性交互作用。不论年龄组别,与高水平体力活动相比,中等体力活动在VAS渴求度问卷得分较高(p=0.006)。高年龄组(40岁~44岁)焦虑程度要低于其他低年龄组(25岁~29岁,p=0.015;30岁~34岁,p=0.022;35岁~39岁,p=0.013)。坐位体前屈低水平体力活动显著大于中等体力活动水平(p=0.048)。结论:保持中等强度的练习会更有利于提高强戒人员下肢力量和爆发力;强戒人员的柔韧性并不适宜大强度练习;在训练中可以通过提高训练强度来缓解强戒人员的渴求情绪;在训练安排中要适当地加强高龄人群的训练,而在心理辅导中要注重对年轻强戒人员的关心。The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of physical activity level and age on physical fitness and mental health of compulsory drug addicts, in the hope of providing references for later exercise intervention programs. Methods: The effects of different physical activity levels and ages on the physical fitness and mental health of 161 compulsory drug addicts in a compulsory isolation drug treatment center in taiyuan city were studied by means of questionnaires, mathematical statistics and various physical fitness indexes. Results: Different physical activity and age only had a significant interaction effect on vertical jump(F[6, 127]=2.397, p=0.032).. Regardless of age group, moderate physical activity scored higher on the VAS craving degree questionnaire than high levels of physical activity(p=0.006).The anxiety level of the high age group(40 ~44 years old)was lower than that of the other low age group(25 ~29 years old, p=0.015;30 ~34 years old, p=0.022;35 ~39 years old, p=0.013). Low level of sitting forward flexion was significantly higher than medium level of physical activity(p=0.048). Conclusion: Moderate intensity exercises are more conducive to improving lower limb strength and explosive power in compulsory drug addicts;The flexibility of compulsory drug addicts is not suitable for heavy training;Compulsory drug addicts crave for drugs can be alleviated by increasing training intensity;In the training arrangement, the training of elderly people should be properly strengthened, while in the psychological counseling, attention should be paid to the care of young compulsory drug addicts.

关 键 词：体力活动 身体素质 心理健康 毒品渴求度 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]