用昆虫蛋白原料替代豆粕对肉鸡生长性能和肠道健康的影响  

Effects of insect protein replacement of soybean meal on growth performance and intestinal health of broilers

作　　者：李栋[1] 薛瑞婷[1] LI Dong;XUE Ruiting(LuLiang University,Lvliang,Shanxi Province 033000,China)

机构地区：[1]吕梁学院,山西吕梁033000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第6期101-104,共4页China Feed

基　　金：山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2020L0686);吕梁市科技计划项目(2020NYGG78)。

摘　　要：文章旨在评估日粮添加不同水平的昆虫蛋白替代豆粕对肉鸡生长性能和肠道健康的影响。试验选择1日龄平均体重为(60.25±0.16)g的624只商品肉仔鸡,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复26只。T1~T3组肉鸡分别饲喂昆虫蛋白原料添加水平为0、8%和16%的日粮,试验持续42 d。结果:日粮昆虫蛋白添加水平对肉鸡体重、各阶段平均日增重、平均日采食量、全期死亡率及1~21 d料重比的影响均无显著差异(P>0.05)。与T1组相比,T3组22~42 d和1~42 d肉鸡的料重比分别显著降低3.23%和2.61%(P<0.05)。T1组小肠黏度、盲肠氨浓度及空肠IL-2活性显著低于T2和T3组(P<0.05),但T1组空肠IgY和TNF-α浓度显著高于T2和T3组(P<0.05)。T2组空肠IL-6浓度较T1和T3组分别显著提高8.91%和7.18%(P<0.05)。T1组盲肠β-葡萄糖苷酶、α-半乳糖苷酶和β-葡糖糖醛酶活性均显著低于其他两组(P<0.05),但T3组盲肠β-木糖酶活性和丁酸浓度较T1显著提高35.69%和30.99%(P<0.05)。结论:在本试验条件下,日粮添加16%昆虫蛋白原料可改善盲肠消化酶活性,进而提高1~42 d肉鸡饲料效率,降低饲料成本。This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of insect protein supplementation with soybean meal on growth performance and intestinal health of broilers.A total of 624 commercial broilers with an average body weight of(60.25±0.16)g at day 1 were randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 replicates per group and 26 broilers per replicate.Broilers in T1~T3 groups were fed diets supplemented with 0,8%and 16%insect protein raw materials,respectively.The experiment lasted for 42 days.Results:There were no significant differences in body weight,average daily gain at each stage,average daily feed intake,whole period mortality and feed/gain at 1~21 d of broilers(P>0.05).Compared with T1 group,the feed/gain of broilers in T3 group was significantly decreased by 3.23%and 2.61%during 22~42 days and 1~42 days,respectively(P<0.05).The intestinal viscosity,cecum ammonia concentration and jejunum IL-2 activity in T1 group were significantly lower than those in T2 and T3 groups(P<0.05),but the concentrations of IgY and TNF-αin jejunum in T1 group were significantly higher than those in T2 and T3 groups(P<0.05).Compared with T1 and T3 groups,the concentration of IL-6 in jejunum of T2 group was significantly increased by 8.91%and 7.18%(P<0.05),respectively.The activities ofβ-glucosidase,α-galactosidase andβ-glucoalalase in cecum of T1 group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups(P<0.05),but the activities ofβ-xylosidase and the concentration of butyric acid in cecum of T3 group were significantly increased by 35.69%and 30.99%compared with those in T1 group(P<0.05).Conclusions:Under this experimental condition,16%insect protein supplementation can improve the cecal digestive enzyme activity,and then increase the feed efficiency and reduce the feed cost of broilers from 1 to 42 days.

关 键 词：昆虫蛋白 豆粕 肉鸡 生长性能 肠道健康 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]