君子和而不同——《三国志演义》蜀汉君臣矛盾的文化透视  

A Gentleman Seeks Harmony but Not Uniformity——A cultural perspective on the monarch-subject contradiction in Shu Han Kingdom in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms

作　　者：关四平 Guan Siping(College of Humanities and Social Sciences,Liaoning Communication University,Shenyang 110136,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁传媒学院人文社科学院,沈阳110136

出　　处：《学术交流》2022年第2期156-168,192,共14页Academic Exchange

摘　　要：对于中国古代小说而言,一个集团个性化的内部矛盾冲突,应该比其团结和谐的共性特征更值得关注。在《三国志演义》中,蜀汉集团内部有限的矛盾冲突中最具文化意蕴的是其君臣矛盾。这主要体现在诸葛亮与刘备父子的关系上。刘备登帝位后,围绕“伐吴”大计,君臣之间发生了激烈的矛盾冲突,其中深潜的文化意蕴颇为丰厚,值得深入探讨。蜀汉集团后期的君臣矛盾主要体现在是否北伐的战略分歧上,诸葛亮连年北伐,而刘禅则渴望太平。其中某些问题应置于当时文化背景下重新加以评价。对蜀汉君臣矛盾新的文化解读,可管窥《三国志演义》文化意蕴的丰厚性,从中也可以体悟中国古代社会发展、国家安危、百姓存亡等一系列重大问题。同时也表明,《三国志演义》等古典小说的文化解读是不可穷尽、永无止境的。For ancient Chinese novels,the individual internal contradictions and conflicts of a group should be paid more attention than its common characteristics of unity and harmony.In The Romance of the Three Kingdoms,among the limited contradictions and conflicts within the Shuhan group,the most cultural implication remains the contradiction between their monarchs and officials,which mainly reflects in the relationship between Zhuge Liang,Liu Bei and his son.After Liu Bei ascended the throne,around the plan of"attacking Wu",there were fierce contradictions and conflicts between them,among which the deep cultural connotation deserves quite rich and deep discussion.The contradiction in the later stage of Shuhan group was mainly reflected in the strategic differences on whether to carry out the northern expedition.Zhuge Liang carried out the Northern Expedition year after year,while Liu Chan longed for peace.Some of these problems should be re-evaluated in that cultural context.The new cultural interpretation of the monarch-subject contradiction of Shu Han dynasties can not only see the richness of the cultural connotation of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms,but also understand a series of major problems such as the social development of ancient China,the safety of the country,the survival and death of the people,etc.Meanwhile,it also shows that the cultural interpretation of classical novels such as the romance of the masterpiece is inexhaustible and endless.

关 键 词：《三国志演义》 罗贯中 蜀汉集团 诸葛亮 刘备 刘禅 

分 类 号：I207.413[文学—中国文学]