焊缝宽度对碳钢对接接头残余应力分布的影响  

Effect of Weld Width on Residual Stress Distribution of Carbon Steel Butt Joints

作　　者：刘振雄 张光凯 马春伟[1] 吴全龙 LIU Zhenxiong;ZHANG Guangkai;MA Chunwei;WU Quanlong(School of Materials Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Huali Safety Device Co.,Itd.,Shanghai 201108,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学材料工程学院,上海201620 [2]上海华理安全装备有限公司,上海201108

出　　处：《轻工机械》2022年第2期40-46,共7页Light Industry Machinery

摘　　要：针对当前大量焊接结构采用对接接头形式,存在焊缝宽度影响结构表面残余应力分布的问题,课题组结合有限元仿真软件ABAQUS建立了一种利用双椭球摆动热源进行窄间隙焊接的平板对接模型,并使用焊缝非线性的热弹塑性有限元法,计算出Q235A钢在4种不同焊缝宽度下对接焊接接头的残余应力分布。计算结果表明:小尺寸焊缝宽度的对接接头在焊缝中心和热影响区存在超过屈服强度级别的残余拉应力;大尺寸焊缝宽度则会导致不利的横向残余拉应力。因此,在进行焊接结构设计时,选取中等焊缝宽度可以提高焊接结构的力学性能。In view of the problem that the large number of current welded structures using butt joints which the weld width affects the residual stress distribution on the surface of the structure,combined with the finite element simulation software ABAQUS,a plate butt model for narrow gap welding using double ellipsoidal swing heat source was established.The residual stress distribution of butt welded joints of Q235 A steel under four different weld widths was calculated by using the thermal elastic-plastic finite element method of weld nonlinearity.The calculation results show that the residual tensile stress of butt joints with small weld width in the weld center and heat affected zone exceeds the yield strength level,and the large weld width will lead to adverse transverse residual tensile stress.Therefore,in the design of welded structure,the selection of medium weld width can improve the mechanical properties of the welded structure.

关 键 词：焊接 对接接头 窄间隙焊接 ABAQUS 热弹塑性有限元法 

分 类 号：TG441.3[金属学及工艺—焊接] TH140.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]