离子液体基氮-膦阻燃剂对生漆的阻燃作用  

Flame Retardant Effect of Ionic Liquid Nitrophosphine Flame Retardant on Raw Lacquer

作　　者：吴坤林 张美艳 刘明华[1] 林棋[2,3] WU Kunlin;ZHANG Meiyan;LIU Minghua;LIN Qi(College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China;Fujian Engineering and Research Center of New Chinese Lacquer Materials (Minjiang University),Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China;Fujian Key Laboratery of Functional Marine Sensing Materials (Minjian Unversity), Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学环境与安全工程学院,福建福州350108 [2]福建省中国漆新型材料工程研究中心(闽江学院),福建福州350108 [3]福建省海洋传感功能材料重点实验室(闽江学院),福建福州350108

出　　处：《闽江学院学报》2022年第2期93-104,共12页Journal of Minjiang University

基　　金：福州市科技项目(2021-SG-041、2021-SG-040);福建省科技项目(2021J011024)。

摘　　要：以氟硼酸钠和四丁基溴化磷为原料,制得离子液体四丁基鏻四氟硼酸盐([TBP][BF_(4)]),并与聚磷酸铵(APP)组成离子液体基氮-膦复合阻燃剂(FR),将复合阻燃剂作为共固化剂,参与生漆固化交联反应,制得阻燃漆膜(FR/RL)。利用极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧(UL-94)和热重分析(TGA)对阻燃漆膜的可燃性和热稳定性进行评估;采用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)等对阻燃漆膜进行结构、相容性、力学性能等测试。研究结果表明,复合阻燃剂中各成分具有良好的协同阻燃作用;经组成优化后,当[TBP][BF_(4)]添加量为10%质量百分数、聚磷酸铵为20%质量百分数时,阻燃漆膜的LOI从17.2%提高到28.6%,UL-94为V-0;热重分析结果显示,加入复合阻燃剂,有利于阻燃漆膜的炭化,提高了阻燃漆膜的热稳定性。与天然漆膜相比,阻燃漆膜的硬度、耐冲击性、柔韧性、光泽度和耐酸碱性均得到提升。In this paper, the ionic liquid tetrabutylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate([TBP][BF_(4)]) was synthesized by reacting sodium fluoroborate with tetrabutylphosphonium bromide. Ionic liquid based nitrophosphine flame retardant(FR) was prepared by mixing ionic liquid with ammonium polyphosphate(APP). The flame retardant raw lacquer film(FR/RL) was prepared by the cross-linking reaction of raw lacquer curing while nitrophosphine flame retardant was used as co-curing agent. The flammability and thermal stability of the flame-retardant raw lacquer film were evaluated by LOI, UL-94 and TGA. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were used to characterize the structure and compatibility of the flame-retardant raw lacquer film. The mechanical properties of the flame-retardant raw lacquer film were tested. The results show that each component of the composite flame retardant has a good synergistic flame retardant effect. After the composition optimization,when the addition amount of [TBP][BF_(4)]was 10%( mass fraction) and 20%( mass fraction) of ammonium polyphosphate,the LOI of flame retardant raw lacquer film increased from 17.2%to 28.6%,while the UL-94 was V-0. The results of thermogravimetric analysis show that the addition of FR is beneficial to the carbonization of the flame retardant raw lacquer film,which improves the thermal stability of the flame retardant raw lacquer film. Compared with natural film,the hardness,impact resistance,flexibility,glossiness and acid and alkali resistance of FR/RL are improved.

关 键 词：离子液体(IL) 聚磷酸胺(APP) 生漆(RL) 阻燃 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]