不同品种辣椒镉积累特性与生理抗性和镉亚细胞分布关系  

Relationship between cadmium accumulation and physiological resistance and cadmium subcellular distribution in different pepper varieties

作　　者：潘攀 刘贝贝[1,2,3] 范成五 吴琳 PAN Pan;LIU Bei-bei;FAN Cheng-wu;WU Lin(Environment and Plant Protection Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science,Haikou 571101,China;Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Eco-Circular Agriculture,Haikou 571101,China;National Agricultural Environmental Science Observation and Experiment Station,Danzhou,Haikou 571737,China;Guizhou Institute of Soil and Fertilizer,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海口571101 [2]海南省热带生态循环农业重点实验室,海口571101 [3]国家农业环境儋州观测实验站,海南儋州571737 [4]贵州省土壤肥料研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第3期623-631,共9页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技计划(黔科合支撑[2018]2338);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金(1630042019004);海南省自然科学基金(319QN274、418QN239)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究辣椒镉(Cd)积累特性与生理抗性和Cd亚细胞分布的关系,从生理和亚细胞水平揭示不同耐性辣椒Cd积累机制,为Cd污染产地的辣椒安全生产提供科学理论依据。【方法】以前期初步鉴定的耐Cd能力差异较大的2个辣椒品种S16和线椒301为研究对象,采用水培的方法,设置0、5、50 mg/L 3个Cd浓度梯度,对比分析2个辣椒品种在生物量、耐性指数、不同组织Cd积累量、生理生化指标[可溶性蛋白(SP)、过氧化物酶(POD)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)]以及亚细胞组分Cd含量分布的差异。【结果】(1)在高浓度Cd胁迫时,线椒301的耐性指数、根茎叶Cd含量均显著(P<0.05)高于S16。(2)随Cd浓度的增加,线椒301地上部SP、GSH及根部的POD均增加,而S16地上部SP和根部的POD呈现增加后降低的趋势,表明线椒301比S16具有更强的细胞渗透调节和抗氧化能力。(3)2个品种Cd的亚细胞分布规律均表现为:细胞壁>可溶性组分>细胞器;但随Cd浓度增加,线椒301细胞壁中Cd含量占比增加、茎叶细胞器中Cd含量占比降低,而S16茎细胞器中Cd含量增加。表明S16易受到Cd胁迫的损伤,线椒301细胞壁固持Cd则有助于其缓解Cd胁迫。【结论】线椒301比S16具有更强的细胞渗透调节和抗氧化能力,以及细胞壁固持Cd的能力,使其对Cd有更强的耐性和富集能力,不宜在Cd污染严重区域种植;而S16则属于对Cd敏感的品种,易种植在清洁区域。【Objective】The relationship between cadmium(Cd)accumulation characteristics and physiological resistance and subcellular distribution of Cd in pepper was studied to reveal the accumulation mechanism of Cd in peppers with different tolerance at physiological and subcellular levels,and to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the safe production of Cd contaminated areas.【Method】Two pepper varieties,S16 and Xianjiao 301,which had different tolerance to Cd,were selected as the tested materials.A hydroponic experiment was conducted with settings of three Cd concentration(0,5 and 50 mg/L).The biomass,tolerance index,Cd accumulation in different tissues,soluble protein(SP),peroxidase(POD)activity and glutathione(GSH),and Cd subcellular distribution of two pepper varieties were analyzed.【Result】(ⅰ)Under high concentration of Cd stress,the tolerance index of Xianjiao 301 was significantly(P<0.05)higher than that of S16,as well as the Cd content in roots,stems and leaves.(ⅱ)With the increase of Cd concentration,the content of SP and GSH in the shoot of Xianjiao 301 increased,as well as its POD contents in root,while the SP content in the shoot and the POD content in the root of S16 increased first and then decreased,indicating Xianjiao 301 had a stronger cell osmotic regulation and antioxidant capacity than S16.(ⅲ)The subcellular distribution of Cd in two pepper varieties were in the order of cell wall>soluble component>organelle.With the increase of Cd concentration,the proportion of Cd content in the cell wall of Xianjiao 301 increased,and that in the organelles decreased.However,the Cd proportion in stem organelles of S16 increased with Cd concentration increased.Those indicated that S16 was susceptible to Cd stress,and the cell wall of Xianjiao 301 availed to alleviate Cd stress by immobilizing Cd.【Conclusion】Xianjiao 301 showed a stronger cell osmotic regulation,antioxidant capacity and Cd immobilizing ability by cell wall than S16,resulting a stronger tolerance and enrichment ability to Cd.

关 键 词：镉 辣椒 积累特性 生理抗性 亚细胞分布 

分 类 号：X641.3[环境科学与工程]