钢铁制造流程炼铁区段耗散结构的解析  

Analysis on dissipative structure of ironmaking procedure for iron and steel manufacturing process

作　　者：张福明 颉建新 殷瑞钰[4] ZHANG Fu-ming;XIE Jian-xin;YIN Rui-yu(Shougang Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100041,China;Beijing Metallurgy Three-dimensional Simulation Design Engineering Technology Research Centre,Beijing 100043,China;Strategy and Technology Department,Beijing Shougang International Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100043,China;Central Iron and Steel Research Institute,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]首钢集团有限公司,北京100041 [2]北京市冶金三维仿真设计工程技术研究中心,北京100043 [3]北京首钢国际工程技术有限公司战略技术部,北京100043 [4]钢铁研究总院,北京100081

出　　处：《钢铁》2022年第3期1-9,共9页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB0304300);北京学者培养计划专项资助项目(2015-08)。

摘　　要：为了研究钢铁制造流程耗散结构的本质及其特征,以高炉炼铁区段为对象,研究解析了多工序协同动态运行条件下的耗散结构优化问题。由料场、焦化、烧结、球团、高炉等工序所组成的炼铁区段,不仅是钢铁制造流程中重要的物质/能源转换中心,也是全流程动态有序、协同连续运行的关键和基础环节。炼铁区段的物理本质是铁素物质流在碳素能量流的驱动和作用下,经过一系列热量、质量和动量传输以及复杂的冶金物理化学反应工程,将铁矿石转换/转化成为高温液态生铁,并生成高炉煤气和液态炉渣,同时产生大量余能、余热的工艺过程。这一复杂的工艺过程需要多工序协同耦合、耗散结构优化、动态有序运行。分析了耗散结构理论的内涵及耗散结构形成与维持的基本条件,指出钢铁制造流程炼铁区段是一个典型的耗散结构。阐述了炼铁区段主要工序功能解析优化和工程演化的历程,指出焦化、烧结、球团等单元工序的形成和发展,是现代高炉功能解析优化、集成优化和重构优化的演化结果和工程效应。其优化的目标包括了提高产品质量和生产高效、降低运行成本和能源消耗、减少CO_(2)和污染物排放、实现生态环境友好等。基于耗散结构理论,提出了炼铁区段主要单元功能解析、耗散结构特征、耗散结构体系建构及优化的理论与方法,论述了单元工序功能的对比分析和选择确定、设备/装置的能力和数量等参数的选择等。以耗散结构理论和冶金流程工程学为指导,构建了首钢京唐钢铁厂炼铁区段概念设计、顶层设计、动态精准设计体系,形成了动态有序、协同连续、耗散优化的工艺流程。生产实践证实,其耗散结构合理、物质和能量耗散低、生产运行指标先进、经济效益和社会效益显著,具有重大的理论研究和推广应用价值。In order to study the essences and characteristics of the dissipation structure of iron and steel manufacturing process, the blast furnace ironmaking segment is targeted, some issues are studied and analyzed for dissipative structure optimization under the condition of multi-process cooperative dynamic operation. The ironmaking segment composed of raw material yard, coking, sintering, pelletizing and blast furnace procedures, is not only an important material/energy conversion center in the steel manufacturing process, but also the key and basic link of dynamic, orderly, coordinated and continuous operation of the whole process. The physical essence of ironmaking segment is the process that iron ore converts/transforms into high temperature hot metal, forms blast furnace gas and liquated slag, and produces a lot of residual energy and heat, under drive and function of carbon element energy flow, and through a series of heat, mass and momentum transmission as well as complex metallurgical physical and chemical reaction engineering. This complex process requires multi-process cooperative coupling, dissipative structure optimization, and dynamic and orderly operation. The connotation of dissipative structure theory, the basic conditions for formation and maintenance of dissipative structure were analyzed, and it was pointed that the ironmaking procedure of steel manufacturing process was a typical dissipative structure. The progress of function analysis optimization and engineering evolution of main unit procedures for ironmaking segment was expounded. It was indicated that the formation and development of coking, sintering, pelletizing and other unit processes were the evolution result and engineering effect of function analysis optimization, integration optimization and reconstruction optimization for modern blast furnace. The optimization objectives included improving product quality and production efficiency, reducing operation costs and energy consumption, decreasing CO;and pollutant emissions, and achieving ec

关 键 词：钢铁制造流程 炼铁区段 耗散结构 工程设计 流程优化 

分 类 号：TF53[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]