关于直接还原铁工艺及还原气制备的若干思考  

Thoughts on preparation of hydrogen-based reduction gas and process of direct reduction iron

作　　者：沈峰满 郑艾军[2] 郑海燕 王小艾 李洋[2] 章苇玲 SHEN Feng-man;ZHENG Ai-jun;ZHENG Hai-yan;WANG Xiao-ai;LI Yang;ZHANG Wei-ling(School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,Liaoning,China;Xuanhua Iron and Steel Group Co.,Ltd.,Xuanhua 075100,Hebei,China;Iron and Steel Research Institute,HBIS Group,Shijiazhuang 050024,Hebei,China;Technique and Products Manufactruing Department,Baosteel Zhanjiang Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Zhanjiang 524072,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]宣化钢铁集团有限责任公司,河北宣化075100 [3]河钢集团钢研总院,河北石家庄050024 [4]宝钢湛江钢铁有限公司制造管理部,广东湛江524072

出　　处：《钢铁》2022年第3期10-15,共6页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(NSFC51974073)。

摘　　要：优化改良氢基直接还原铁制备工艺是中国发展实施碳减排的有效途径之一,随着碳减排和碳中和的积极推进,氢基直接还原铁工艺必将有较大的发展。从含铁原料、还原气制备参数选择和能源保障等三方面讨论分析了有关氢基气体直接还原铁工艺中存在的难点问题,尤其针对还原气制备参数的选择问题,创新性地提出了确定制备氢基还原气体工艺参数的图解法。本方法构建了“H-C-O体系质量及化学平衡衡算图”,采用n_(H)/n_(C)和n_(O)/n_(C)统一了还原气体的表述方式,引入过CO_(2)点的射线n_(H_(2)O)/n_(CH_(4))标尺和平行于线L1(n_(H_(2)O)+n_(CH_(4))>0、nCO_(2)=0)的nCO_(2)/n_(CH_(4))标尺以及引入不同温度条件下n_(H_(2))/n_(CO)等值线的直线族。使用“H-C-O体系质量及化学平衡衡算图”可明确表达任意组成气体的存在域,即明确表达任意组成气体的n_(H)/n_(C)和n_(O)/n_(C);可确定针对1 mol CH4且能满足给定n_(H_(2))/n_(CO)的n_(H_(2)O)或nCO_(2)添加量;针对天然气或焦炉煤气重整制备氢基还原气工艺,可根据气源条件由图解的方式便捷地确定在指定温度条件下制备给定n_(H_(2))/n_(CO)值的还原气工艺操作参数(如添加量及配比),为制备氢基还原气体工艺参数的选择提供理论指导依据。Optimizing and improving the preparation process of hydrogen based direct reduction iron is one of the effective ways to develop and implement carbon emission reduction in China.Therefore,hydrogen-based direct reduction iron process will have great development with the promotion of“carbon emission reduction”and“carbon neutralization”.This paper discussed and analyzed the difficult problems in the process of hydrogen-based gas direct reduction of iron from three aspects:iron containing raw materials,reduction gas preparation parameter selection and energy guarantee.Especially for the selection of reduction gas preparation parameters,an innovative graphical method for determining the process parameters of hydrogen-based reduction gas was proposed.This method was used to construct the"mass and chemical balance diagram of H-C-O system"and unify the expression of reducing gas by n_(H)/n_(C) and n_(O)/n_(C).Through the introducing of ray n_(H_(2)O)/n_(CH_(4)) scale passing through CO_(2) point,the nCO_(2)/n_(CH_(4)) scale parallel to line L1(n_(H_(2)O)+n_(CH_(4))>0、nCO_(2)=0),and the straight line family of n_(H_(2))/n_(CO) isolines at different temperatures,and using"mass and chemical equilibrium diagram of H-C-O system",the existence domain of any composition gas could be clearly expressed,that means,the n_(H)/n_(C) and n_(O)/n_(C) of any composition gas could be clearly expressed.Using this method,the addition amount of n_(H_(2)O) or nCO_(2) or for 1 mol CH4 under a given n_(H_(2))/n_(CO) can be determined.For the process of preparing hydrogen-based reducing gas by reforming natural gas or coke oven gas,the process operating parameters(such as,addition amount and ratio)for preparing hydrogen-based reducing gas with a given n_(H_(2))/n_(CO) at a specified temperature can be easily determined by graphical method according to the gas source conditions,so as to provide a theoretical guiding basis for the selection of process parameters for preparing hydrogen-based reducing gas.

关 键 词：氢基直接还原 氢基还原气 H-C-O体系 质量及化学平衡衡算图 天然气及焦炉煤气重整 

分 类 号：TF55[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]