2015—2019年石家庄市市区空气污染物监测分析  

Monitoring and analysis of air pollutants in urban area of Shijiazhuang City from 2015-2019

作　　者：安玉琴[1] 丁婷婷 王苏玮 杨娜敬[1] 裴秀坤[1] 刘毅刚[1] AN Yu-qin;DING Ting-ting;WANG Su-wei;YANG Na-jing;PEI Xiu-kun;LIU Yi-gang(Institute of Environmental Health Monitoring and Evaluation Hebei Province Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Shijiazhuang Hebei,050021,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心环境卫生监测与评价所,河北石家庄050021

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第4期521-524,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：2020年河北省医学研究重点课题计划(20200692)。

摘　　要：目的了解石家庄市市区空气污染物污染特征。方法收集2015—2019年石家庄市市区所有国控、省控、市控环境空气质量监测站点的可吸入颗粒物(inhalable particles,PM_(10))、细颗粒物(fine particles,PM_(2.5))、NO_(2)、CO、SO_(2)、O_(3)的逐日平均浓度,采用[M(P_(25),P_(75))]描述空气污染物平均浓度,用R 3.6.3的Mann-Kendall趋势检验分析空气污染物年均浓度的变化趋势。结果2015—2019年石家庄市市区PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_(2)、O_(3-8h)、SO_(2)平均浓度M(P_(25),P_(75))依次为112(72,172)、55(33,95)、42(26,60)、91(52,141)和20(11,37)μg/m~3,CO平均浓度M(P_(25),P_(75))为0.9(0.6,1.4)mg/m~3。SO_(2)年均浓度呈下降趋势(P<0.05),其余空气污染物年均浓度均呈平稳状态(均P>0.05);SO_(2)、CO、O_(3)年均浓度均达到GB 3095—2012《环境空气质量》相应空气污染物二级标准,PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_(2)年均浓度均超标。PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、NO_(2)、CO、SO_(2)冬季平均浓度最高,夏季最低;O_(3)夏季平均浓度最高,冬季最低;日均浓度超标率由高到低的空气污染物为PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、O_(3)、NO_(2)、CO和SO_(2)。裕华区和新华区日均浓度超标率前3位的空气污染物由高到低依次为PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)和O_(3),桥西区、长安区和鹿泉区由高到低依次为PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)和O_(3)。结论石家庄市市区应加强冬季空气污染防控力度,尤其是PM_(10)、PM_(2.5),同时对夏季O_(3)污染给予关注。Objective To understand the pollution characteristics of air pollutants in urban area of Shijiazhuang City.Methods The daily average concentrations of inhalable particles (PM_(10)),fine particles (PM_(2.5)),NO_(2),CO,SO_(2)and O_(3)at all national,provincial and municipal air quality monitoring stations from 2015 to 2019 were collected.Median and quartile[M (P_(25),P_(75))]were used to describe the average concentration of air pollutants.The Mann-Kendall trend test of R 3.6.3 was used to analyze the change trend of annual average concentration of air pollutants.Results From 2015 to 2019,the median average concentration M (P_(25),P_(75))of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),NO_(2),O_(3-8h)and SO_(2)in urban area of Shijiazhuang City was 112(72,172),55(33,95),42(26,60),91(52,141),20(11,37)μg/m^(3),respectively,and the median average concentration of CO was 0.9 (0.6,1.4)mg/m^(3).The average annual concentration of SO_(2)showed a downward trend(P<0.05),while the average annual concentrations of other air pollutants showed a stable trend(all P>0.05).The average annual concentrations of SO_(2),CO and O_(3)reached the secondary standards of the air pollutants in the GB 3095-2012 Ambient air quality,while the average annual concentrations of PM_(10),PM_(2.5)and NO_(2)exceeded the standards.The average concentrations of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),NO_(2),CO and SO_(2)were the highest in winter and the lowest in summer,but average concentration of O_(3)was the highest in summer and the lowest in winter.The air pollutants whose standard-exceeding ratio was from high to low were PM_(2.5),PM_(10),O_(3),NO_(2),CO and SO_(2).The top three air pollutants in Yuhua District and Xinhua District from high to low were PM_(2.5),PM_(10)and O_(3),and those in Qiaoxi District,Chang’an District and Luquan District were PM_(10),PM_(2.5)and O_(3).Conclusion The prevention and control of air pollution in winter should be strengthened in urban area of Shijiazhuang City,especially PM_(10)and PM_(2.5),meanwhile,attention should been paid to the pollution of O_(3)in summ

关 键 词：石家庄市市区 空气污染物 监测分析 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]