我国职业病诊断标准的现状及建议  

Present situation and suggestion of occupational disease diagnostic criteria in China

作　　者：王海椒 张建芳 WANG Hai-jiao;ZHANG Jian-fang(Laws and Regulations Department,National Center for Occupational Safety and Health,National Health Commission,Beijing,102308,China)

机构地区：[1]国家卫生健康委职业安全卫生研究中心法规标准室,北京102308

出　　处：《职业与健康》2022年第4期548-552,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：国家卫生健康委职业安全卫生研究中心自管项目(2021-ZD-02)。

摘　　要：职业病诊断标准是进行职业病归因诊断的重要依据之一。我们梳理了我国现行有效的职业病诊断标准,共计124项,将其与《职业病分类与目录》中的10大类132种法定职业病进行对应分析。发现有部分化学中毒等存在名称及适用范围不一致等问题,并对百草枯中毒、职业性传染病、白内障、三氯乙烯中毒和二甲苯中毒等疾病诊断标准进行了情况说明。建议可以从加强新增职业病诊断标准研制、职业病诊断标准名称适用范围对应、“观察对象”各标准保持一致、扩展职业病目录和探讨职业病诊断引入先进技术手段5个方面进一步完善职业病诊断标准。The diagnostic criteria of occupational diseases are one of the important bases for the attribution diagnosis of occupational diseases.In this paper,124 effective diagnostic criteria of occupational diseases in China were sorted out,and the corresponding analysis was made between them and 132 kinds of statutory occupational diseases in 10 categories of the Occupational Disease Classification and Catalogue.It was found that some of the problems,such as inconsistent names and application scope in some chemical poisonings.And the diagnostic criteria of paraquat poisoning,occupational infectious diseases,cataracts,trichloroethylene poisoning,xylene poisoning and other diseases were explained.It is suggested that the diagnostic criteria of occupational diseases should be further improved from five aspects:strengthening the development of diagnostic criteria of new occupational diseases,corresponding names and application scope in diagnostic criteria of occupational diseases,the consistency of "observation objects" in different criteria,expanding the list of occupational diseases and discussing the introduction of advanced technology in the diagnosis of occupational diseases.

关 键 词：职业病诊断 标准 职业病目录 

分 类 号：R134.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]