民用飞机废水系统非定常三相流动特性研究  

Researches on Unsteady Three-phase Flow Characteristics of Wastewater System of Civil Aircraft

作　　者：张贺磊[1,2] 许常悦 张玉莹[3] 吴惠祥 ZHANG Helei;XU Changyue;ZHANG Yuying;WU Huixiang(Key Laboratory of Aircraft Environment Control and Life Support,MIIT,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;School of Aeronautical Engineering,Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China Ltd.,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学飞行器环境控制与生命保障工信部重点实验室,南京210016 [2]郑州航空工业管理学院航空工程学院,郑州450046 [3]中国商用飞机有限责任公司上海飞机设计研究院,上海201210

出　　处：《航空工程进展》2022年第2期114-121,共8页Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering

基　　金：民用飞机专项科研项目(MJ-2017-S-47);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目。

摘　　要：废水系统属于民用飞机机载系统的重要组成部分,污水排放的有效性直接关系到乘客的乘坐舒适性与健康。因此,有必要对民用飞机废水系统中的气液固三相流动进行研究。采用欧拉方法模拟废水管路的气液固三相流动,对飞行高度、马桶工作状态因素对废水排放的影响进行分析。结果表明:仅最远端马桶工作时,随着飞行高度的增加,废水流动的核心峰值时间提前,废水完全排出所需时间从3.31 s缩短至1.87 s,废水均能快速排入废水箱;当三个马桶同时工作时,靠近废水箱的马桶开启会减小废水管路中的负压,不同横截面流速平均下降了66.5%,导致最远端马桶废水无法快速排出,排放效率有所降低;当靠近废水箱的马桶冲洗时间调整为2 s,同时将最远端马桶单独开启时,可以保证最远端马桶中的废水完全排入废水箱。The wastewater system is an important part of civil aircraft. The effective sewage discharge is closely related to the ride comfort and health of passengers. Euler method is used to simulate the gas-liquid-solid three-phase flow in wastewater system,and the effect of flight height and working condition of toilet on wastewater emission is analyzed. Results show that:when only the farthest toilet works,with the increase of flight altitude,the core peak time of waste water flow is brought forward,and the time required for wastewater to be completely discharged are significantly shortened from 3.31 s to 1.87 s,and the wastewater can be quickly discharged into the wastewater tank. When the three toilets work at the same time,the negative pressure in the wastewater pipeline will be reduced,and the flow rate of different cross sections will decrease by 66.5% on average,the toilet close to the wastewater tank will reduce the discharge efficiency of the farthest toilet,resulting in the wastewater cannot be discharged quickly. When the flushing time of toilet close to wastewater tank is adjusted to 2 s,and the farthest toilet needs to be opened separately,the wastewater in the farthest toilet can be fully discharged into the wastewater tank.

关 键 词：民用飞机 多相流 数值模拟 废水系统 马桶 

分 类 号：V244[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]