6号对称道岔区防脱轨装置的作用机理  

Mechanism of Anti-derailment Equipment for No.6 Symmetric Turnout

作　　者：司道林 王猛 王树国 王璞 SI Daolin;WANG Meng;WANG Shuguo;WANG Pu(Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Lab of Track Technology of High-Speed Railway,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司高速铁路轨道技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2022年第2期261-266,共6页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878661,51808557);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划(P2018G003-B)。

摘　　要：为防止6号对称道岔脱轨事故发生,阐述了迎轮护轨和新型防脱轨装置的结构特征及工作原理,并建立了车辆-道岔动力学模型,分析了迎轮护轨和防脱轨装置对道岔区动力学响应的影响规律.研究结果表明:迎轮护轨和新型防脱装置均可明显有效约束轮对通过道岔时的横移量,改变轮对运动轨迹,分别使轮缘在距尖轨尖端0.493 m和0.705 m处接触尖轨,防止轮缘与尖轨尖端接触,成功避免不利轮轨接触状态的出现;当迎轮护轨双侧同时安装时,轮缘槽宽度增加对轮对约束效果降低,无法起到有效的防护作用;新型防脱轨装置延伸至道岔内,可实现轨道两侧对称安装,保证对称道岔双方向的行车安全,从而有效避免对称道岔区脱轨事故的发生.To prevent derailment in No.6 symmetric turnouts,a vehicle-turnout dynamic model is built on the basis of the structural characteristics of the guard rail in front of the turnout and the working principle of a new anti-derailment equipment in turnouts.Through the vehicle-turnout coupling model,the influences of the guard rail and preventing derailment structure on dynamic responses of the turnout are simulated and discussed.The results show that both the guard rail and the new anti-derailment equipment can effectively constrain the lateral shift of the wheelset when negotiating the turnout,and change the wheelset trajectory,making the wheel flange contact switch rail at 0.493 and 0.705 m away from the switch rail toe,respectively,and preventing the wheel flange from contacting the switch rail toe.Thus,the adverse contact status between wheel flange and switch rail toe can be avoided,and the safety of turnout negotiation is improved significantly.When there are guard rails installed on both sides of the track,the increased wheel flangeway width will cause the guard rail to reduce its restraint effect on the wheelset and lose its protective function.The new anti-derailment equipment extends into the turnout and can be installed symmetrically on both sides of the track,which ensures the driving safety in both directions of the symmetrical turnout and effectively avoids derailment occurrences in the No.6 symmetrical turnout area.

关 键 词：道岔 脱轨 动力学模型 防脱器 护轨 

分 类 号：U213.63[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U211.5