考虑初始空隙压密的岩石变形全过程本构模型  

Statistical Damage Model for Whole Deformation and Failure Process of Rock Considering Initial Void Closure

作　　者：李修磊 陈洪凯[1] 张金浩 LI Xiulei;CHEN Hongkai;ZHANG Jinhao(Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards Mitigation for Mountainous Highway and Waterway,Chongqing Jiaotong Uni-versity,Chongqing 400074,China;College of Civil Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学山区公路水运交通地质减灾重庆市高校重点实验室,重庆400074 [2]重庆交通大学土木工程学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2022年第2期314-321,共8页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41807276)。

摘　　要：为了建立能够准确模拟岩石变形全过程的本构模型,深入分析了现有统计损伤模型难以描述岩石初始非线性变形阶段的局限性.综合考虑岩石的变形机理,将岩石抽象为由空隙和骨架组成的材料,分析了岩石变形及空隙与骨架两部分变形之间的关系,提出了空隙应变比K的概念;利用岩石三轴试验结果,提出了岩石骨架和空隙两部分应变的计算方法,推导了K的演化方程;通过引入统计损伤理论,将岩石看作是由众多强度服从Weibull函数分布的微元组成,最终建立了能够反映岩石变形全过程的本构模型,并给出了模型相关参数的确定方法.现有模型结果和试验结果比较分析表明:本文模型能够较好地模拟荷载作用下岩石变形破坏全过程的5个阶段,相关系数均在0.92以上,很好地解释了围压越大初始空隙压密阶段越短以及弹性模量、峰值强度和峰值应变均越大的力学行为特性.In order to establish a constitutive model that can accurately simulate the whole deformation and failure process of rock, a deep analysis is made of the limitations of the existing statistical damage models incapable of well describing the initial nonlinear phase of rock deformation. Considering the deformation mechanism of rock comprehensively, the intact rock is abstracted as a material composed of rock skeleton and voids. Based on the analysis of the deformation relationships among the whole rock, rock skeleton and voids, the concept of rock void strain ratio K is proposed;the calculation methods of rock skeleton strain and voids strain are presented using triaxial test results to derive the evolution equation of K. By introducing the statistical damage theory, the rock is regarded as being composed of many micro elements whose strength obeys the distribution of Weibull function. Finally, a new constitutive model is established to describe the whole rock deformation process,and the determination methods of relevant model parameters are given. Compared with other model calculations and test results, this constitutive model can better simulate the five phases of the whole rock deformation and failure process under load, and the correlation coefficients are all larger than 0.92 for different confining test results. It also well explains the mechanical behavior characteristics that the larger the confining pressure, the shorter the initial void closure phase, and the larger the elastic modulus, peak strength and peak strain.

关 键 词：岩石力学 三轴应力-应变关系 空隙应变比 损伤变量 本构模型 

分 类 号：TU452[建筑科学—岩土工程]