九寨沟国家级自然保护区地震前后生态系统服务价值评估  

Ecosystem service values assessment before and after earthquake in Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve

作　　者：廖雨辰 史雪威 刘俊雁 廖建[5] 谢雨 朱忠福[1,2,6] 吴彦 ANDELKA Plenkovic′-Moraj[7,8] LIAO Yuchen;SHI Xuewei;LIU Junyan;LIAO Jian;XIE Yu;ZHU Zhongfu;WU Yan;ANDELKA Plenkovic′-Moraj(Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Ministry of Ecology and Environment Center for Satellite Application on Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100049,China;China West Normal University,Nanchong 637002,China;The Third Geographic Information Mapping Institute,Ministry of Natural Resources,Chengdu 610100,China;Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve Administration,Jiuzhaigou 623402,China;China-Croatia“Belt and Road”Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services,Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Department of Biology,Faculty of Science,University of Zagreb,Zagreb 10000,Croatia)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]生态环境部卫星环境应用中心,北京100049 [4]西华师范大学,南充637002 [5]自然资源部第三地理信息制图院,成都610100 [6]九寨沟国家级自然保护区管理局,九寨沟623402 [7]中国-克罗地亚生物多样性和生态系统服务“一带一路”联合实验室,成都610041 [8]萨格勒布大学理学院,萨格勒布10000

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第6期2063-2073,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：九寨沟灾后重建科研项目(5132202020000046);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0505005-1,2020YFE0203200)。

摘　　要：九寨沟县为“中国旅游强县”,区域社会经济发展与九寨沟自然保护区生态系统服务价值联系紧密。2017年,九寨沟保护区发生7.0级地震,当地生态环境和社会经济发展遭受极大创伤。基于此,分别以2016、2018年为地震前后基准年,从供给服务、调节与维持服务、文化服务3个方面选取7项指标,构建九寨沟自然保护区生态系统服务价值评价体系,探明地震前后生态系统服务价值变化。研究表明:(1)地震前后九寨沟保护区生态系统服务总价值分别为1.96×10^(10)元/a、1.52×10^(10)元/a,单位面积价值量达3.05×10^(5)元hm^(-2)a^(-1)、2.36×10^(5)元hm^(-2)a^(-1),总降幅达22.68%。(2)地震前后三类服务价值均有所下降但价值占比序列未改变,依次为供给服务、调节与维护服务和文化服务,降幅分别为24.61%、12.25%和86.02%。(3)地震前,7项服务指标按其经济价值大小排序依次为:木材供给>水源涵养>保育土壤>森林游憩>固碳释氧>大熊猫存在>科研教育,前三项服务价值累计占比达92.80%。地震后,价值排序变化为:木材供给>水源涵养>保育土壤>固碳释氧>大熊猫存在>科研教育>森林游憩,前三项服务价值累计占比达96.93%。(4)三类服务中文化服务受地震影响较大,总价值占比由4.54%下降至0.82%,7项服务中仅科研教育和保育土壤价值有所增加,其余5项服务均不同程度下降,降幅依次为森林游憩、固碳释氧、木材供给、大熊猫存在和水源涵养。由于景区关闭,以旅游收入测算的森林游憩价值变化最大,其价值降幅达97.74%,说明地质灾害导致旅游收入呈断崖式下降,短期内对当地社会经济发展具较大影响。Jiuzhaigou County is an attractive tourism county in China,and the regionally social and economic development is closely related to the ecosystem service values(ESVs)of Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve.In 2017,a 7.0⁃magnitude earthquake occurred in Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve,which severely damaged the local ecological environment and regional social and economic development.Based on the ecologic environment status of Jiuzhaigou,taking 2016 and 2018 as the base years of before and after the earthquake respectively,seven indexes were selected from three aspects of provisioning services,regulating and maintenance services and cultural services to construct the ESVs evaluation system of Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve and identify the change of ESVs before and after earthquake.The results show that(1)the total ESVs of Jiuzhaigou before and after the earthquake were estimated to be 1.96×10^(10) yuan/a and 1.52×10^(10) yuan/a,respectively,while the unit area ESVs were 3.05×10^(5) yuan hm^(-2) a^(-1) and 2.36×10^(5) yuan hm^(-2) a^(-1),with a decrease of 22.68%.(2)The three types of ecosystem service values all decreased before and after the earthquake,but the sequence of the ESVs proportion unchanged,followed by provisioning services,regulating and maintenance services and cultural services,with a decline of 24.61%,12.25%and 86.02%,respectively.(3)Before the earthquake,the ESVs were in the order of wood supply,water retention,soil conservation,forest recreation,carbon fixation and oxygen release,existent of Giant Panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)and scientific education,and the top three services accounted for 92.80%of the total values.After the earthquake,the order of the ESVs changed into wood supply,water retention,soil conservation,carbon fixation and oxygen release,existent of Giant Panda(Ailuropoda melanoleuca),scientific education and forest recreation,while the top three ESVs accounted for 96.93%of the total values.(4)Among the three types of ecosystem services,cultural services were greatly affe

关 键 词：生态系统服务 价值评估 地震 九寨沟国家级自然保护区 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.1