3种本地植物与入侵植物紫茎泽兰的竞争  

Competition between three native plants and invasive Ageratina adenophora

作　　者：潘玉梅[1] 唐赛春[1] 韦春强[1] 李象钦 吕仕洪[1] PAN Yumei;TANG Saichun;WEI Chunqiang;LI Xiangqin;LÜ Shihong(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain,Guangxi Institute of Botany,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室,桂林541006

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第6期2394-2404,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960282);广西自然科学基金项目(2018JJB130119,2018GXNSFAA281112);广西科学院基本业务费(Y202003)。

摘　　要：为筛选替代控制紫茎泽兰的本地植物及探讨提高替代控制效率的方法,通过盆栽实验并利用相对产量(RY)和竞争攻击力系数(A)衡量了3种本地植物与紫茎泽兰的竞争关系,同时评估了活性炭(AC)、杀真菌剂(FC)和二者联合(AC+FC)对它们竞争的影响。结果表明:(1)不添加任何物质条件下:紫茎泽兰与南酸枣混种时,紫茎泽兰的生物量明显高于单种(P<0.05),其RY和A分别显著大于1和0(P<0.05);紫茎泽兰分别与假地豆和狗尾草混种时,紫茎泽兰的株高和生物量均明显低于单种(P<0.05),其RY和A均分别显著小于1和0(P<0.05)。说明紫茎泽兰的竞争力强于南酸枣而弱于假地豆和狗尾草,假地豆和狗尾草可以在一定区域作为替代控制紫茎泽兰的潜在目标植物。(2)与不添加任何物质相比,紫茎泽兰与南酸枣混种时,AC、FC及AC+FC处理增加了紫茎泽兰的根冠比,降低了其地上生物量比,也降低了南酸枣的生物量(P<0.05);紫茎泽兰与假地豆混种时,AC和AC+FC处理增加了假地豆的株高和生物量,FC处理增加了紫茎泽兰的株高(P<0.05);紫茎泽兰与狗尾草混种时,AC和AC+FC处理增加了紫茎泽兰的根冠比、降低了其地上生物量比(P<0.05),FC处理对两种植物的各生长变量均无明显影响(P>0.05)。说明在紫茎泽兰与不同植物竞争时,添加活性炭和杀真菌剂对每种植物的影响作用不同。添加活性炭或杀真菌剂是否能提高本地植物替代控制紫茎泽兰的效率还需要根据具体的目标物种来确定。To select the potential native plants for replacement control of the invasive Ageratina adenorphora, competition relationships between three native plants(Choerospondias axillaris, Desmodium heterocarponand, and Setaria viridis) and A. adenophora were measured by the competitive parameter relative yield(RY) and competitive aggressivity coefficient(A) in a common garden experiment. In addition, effects of the activated carbon(AC) and fungicide(FC) on the competition of the native plants with A. adenophora were also studied, aiming to explore a method of improving the replacement control and ecological restoration effects. The results showed that under the condition without AC or FC,when A. adenophora was grown with C. axillaris, the total biomass of A. adenophora mixculture was higher significantly than that in monoculture(P<0.05), and the competitive parameter RY and A of A. adenophora were significantly greater than 1 and 0, respectively(P<0.05);When A. adenophora was grown with D. heterocarpon or S. viridis, the shoot length and total biomass of A. adenophora mixculture were both less than those in monoculture, and the competitive parameter RY and A were significantly less than 1 and 0, respectively(P<0.05). It indicated that the competitive ability of A. adenophora was greater than that of the native plant C. axillaris but was less than that of the other two native plants D. heterocarpon and S. viridis. The two native plants D. heterocarpon and S. viridis could be promising potential replacement control agents for A. adenophora. Compared with the treatment without AC or FC, when A. adenophora was grown with C. axillaris, AC, FC and AC+FC treatments increased the root-shoot ratio but decreased aboveground biomass ratio of A. adenophora, and decreased the total biomass of C. axillaris(P<0.05). When A. adenophora was grown with D.heterocarpon, AC and AC+FC treatments increased significantly the shoot length and total biomass of D. heterocarpon, and FC treatment increased significantly the shoot length of A. adeno

关 键 词：紫茎泽兰 外来入侵植物 本地植物 竞争 活性炭 杀真菌剂 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]