城市景观格局视角下空气微生物研究进展  

Review of current progress on studies of airborne microbial communities from the perspective of urban landscape pattern

作　　者：吴志丰 邱月 任引[1] 蒋梧州 杨磊[4] WU Zhifeng;QIU Yue;REN Yin;JIANG Wuzhou;YANG Lei(Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Xiamen NO.6 High School of Fujian,Xiamen 361012,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所,城市环境与健康重点实验室,厦门361021 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]福建省厦门第六中学,厦门361012 [4]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第6期2489-2500,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41801182);中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室开放基金(SKLURE2020-2-2);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2018057)。

摘　　要：城市化进程将原有自然生态系统改造为以不透水面为主的人工景观,这种变化影响了空气微生物群落的生存环境及其时空异质性。空气微生物受城市化的影响程度与其生态功能的发挥关系密切,微生物群落特征的改变会在一定程度上影响当地生态环境质量并给人群健康带来潜在威胁。城市化进程和空气微生物群落动态分属两个时空尺度差异巨大的生态过程,二者的联合分析已成为目前生态安全与环境健康领域的研究热点。从空气微生物的来源及其组成特征、空气微生物群落的时空异质性及其影响因素以及空气微生物的生态环境效应三个方面系统梳理和总结了近年来探索城市化和空气微生物群落动态之间关系的研究,从宏观视角探讨了当前空气微生物研究的不足,并引入社会-经济-自然复合生态系统、景观格局与过程等相关理论和方法来分析城市化对空气微生物群落特征的影响,旨在明确城市景观格局作用下的空气微生物群落对人群健康的潜在威胁程度,为快速城市化过程中的人居环境的改善提供参考。The process of urbanization transforms natural ecosystems to anthropogenic urban landscapes dominated by impervious surfaces. Such landscape transformation alters both the survival environment and spatio-temporal heterogeneity of airborne microbial communities. The impact of urbanization on airborne microbial communities contributes to regulate the ecological functions of microbial communities. The transformation of microbe communities resulting from urbanization might also reduce environmental quality and create a threat to public health. The spatial and temporal scales of these two environmental processes noticeably differ(urbanization process and dynamic of microbial communities). The coupling of these two macro-and micro-processes is receiving the increasing focus in the research field of ecological security and environmental health. This study presents a systematic review of studies on airborne microbial communities in the urban environment. The sources and community characteristics, spatio-temporal heterogeneity and affecting factors, and eco-environmental effects of airborne microbial communities were explored. The limitations of current studies on this topic were examined from a macroecological perspective. We suggest that theories of social-economic-natural eco systems and landscape patterns and processes should be introduced to identify the relationships between urbanization and the dynamics of airborne microbial communities and their potential impacts on public health. In conclusion, this review provides insights to improve the living environment during the rapid urbanization process.

关 键 词：城市化 微生物群落特征 环境健康 格局与过程 社会-经济-自然复合生态系统 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]