儿童塑型性支气管炎临床特征性表现及病原学分析  

Clinical characteristic and etiological analysis of plastic bronchitis in children

作　　者：索静宇 辛丽红[1] 康媛洁 SUO Jingyu;XIN Lihong;KANG Yuanjie(Second Department of Respiratory,Children’s Hospital of Xi’an,Shaanxi Xi'an 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市儿童医院呼吸二科,陕西西安710000

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2022年第3期87-90,共4页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童塑型性支气管炎(PB)临床特征性表现及病原学分析。方法回顾性研究分析2015年9月至2020年9月在西安市儿童医院呼吸二科住院患儿的病例资料。将临床表现、体征及影像学特点符合“支气管肺炎”和/或“大叶性肺炎”及“肺不张”、并在住院期间行电子支气管镜检查的患儿作为研究对象,共计268例。根据电子支气管镜下结果,将患儿分为塑型性支气管炎组(PB组)及非塑型性支气管炎组(非PB组)。对两组患儿的临床资料、症状、病原学及电子支气管镜结果进行分析。结果PB组55例,非PB组213例。PB组患儿年龄大于非PB组,差异有统计学意义(t=140.293,P<0.05),而性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PB组患儿发热(χ^(2)=3.217)、气喘(χ^(2)=4.371)、呼吸急促(χ^(2)=9.515)、胸腔积液(χ^(2)=44.792)的发生率及发热热峰(t=6.004)、热程(t=5.877)、病程(Z=-11.267)、支气管镜灌洗次数(Z=-9.717)均高于非PB组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05),但咳嗽在两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PB组肺炎支原体阳性45例,占81.82%,肺炎支原体是最常见的病原体。结论PB患儿以年长儿多见,其最常见的病原体是肺炎支原体,且发热时间、住院时间更长,出现胸腔积液的比例更高,进行支气管镜灌洗次数更多。Objective To explore the clinical characteristic and analyze etiological of plastic bronchitis(PB)in children.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the case data of children hospitalized in the Second Department of Respiratory,Xi’an Children’s Hospital from September 2015 to September 2020.A total of 268 children with clinical manifestations,signs and imaging features in line with"bronchopneumonia"and/or"lobar pneumonia"and"atelectasis"who underwent electronic bronchoscopy during hospitalization were selected as the research subjects.According to the results of electronic bronchoscopy,the children were divided into the PB group and non-PB group.The clinical data,symptoms,etiology and electronic bronchoscopy results of the two groups were analyzed.Results There were 55 children in PB group and 213 children in non-PB group.The average age of the PB group was older than that of the non-PB group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=140.293,P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in the gender(P>0.05).The incidence of fever(χ^(2)=3.217),asthma(χ^(2)=4.371),shortness of breath(χ^(2)=9.515),pleural effusion(χ^(2)=44.792),and the fever peak(t=6.004),heat course(t=5.877),disease duration(Z=-11.267),and times of bronchoscopy lavage(Z=-9.717)in PB group were all higher than those in the non-PB group,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the cough(P>0.05).In the PB group,45 cases(81.82%)were Mycoplasma pneumonia positive,which was the most common pathogen.Conclusion Children with PB are more common in older children,and the most common pathogen is Mycoplasma pneumonia.And the children with PB has longer fever time,longer hospital stay,higher incidence of pleural effusion and more times of bronchoscopy lavage.

关 键 词：塑型性支气管炎 儿童 电子支气管镜 临床表现 

分 类 号：R725[医药卫生—儿科]