我国录制录音制品法定许可的制度定位、完善思路与建议——兼议《著作权法》修改  

Systematic Positioning and Modification Suggestions on Statutory License of Making Sound Recordings——Analysis of the Amendment of Copyright Law

作　　者：郑淑凤[1] Zheng Shufeng(Law School,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《科技与法律（中英文）》2022年第2期98-107,共10页Science Technology and Law（Chinese-English Version）

摘　　要：录制录音制品法定许可具有提高著作权许可效率、抑制传播者垄断著作权资源、促进作品传播和抑制许可费虚高的潜在功能,有助于缓解音乐市场持久存在的版权恶性竞争问题。当前对该制度的定位认识和体系化思考不足导致制度缺乏配套规则和兼容性。本次《著作权法》修改虽未涉及该制度,但其中构建集体管理组织的权利查询系统和提供许可费协商机制与救济措施等修改内容客观上有助于完善法定许可制度的实施机制,降低制度适用风险。在落实上述修法新规时,应将法定许可纳入其中并通过实施条例加以细化,包括在集体管理组织的权利登记系统中明确需提供法定许可相关信息,允许权利人选择通过集体管理组织或自己直接向使用者收取许可费,同时还需明确自由许可与集中许可的兼容可能,鼓励集体管理组织为法定许可的许可费率提供指导价格区间。在完善上述机制的基础上,立法者可考虑删除允许著作权人声明排除适用法定许可的规定,提高制度适用能力。The statutory licensing of making sound recordings has the potential to improve the efficiency of copyright licensing, restrain the monopolization of copyright resources by communicators, promote the dissemination of works, and restrain excessive licensing fee. These functions are helpful to solve the persistent vicious competition of copyright in the music market. At present, insufficient understanding of the system positioning and systematic thinking leads to the lack of supporting rules and compatibility of the system. Although the system was not involved in the amendment to the Copyright Law, some amendments, such as the establishment of rights inquiry system for collective management organizations, the provision of licensing fee negotiation mechanisms, and the remedy measures, can objectively help improve implementation mechanism of the statutory licensing system and reduce the risk of system application. In the future practice, the new rules mentioned above should be implemented and detailed through the implementation rules, which can be specified in the rights registration system of collective management organizations to provide legal license work information, and allows the holder to choose through collective management organization or directly to their users to collect licensing fees, and encourage collective management organizations to provide guidance price ranges for statutory license rates. On the basis of improving the above mechanism, legislators may consider deleting the provisions that allow the copyright owner to declare the exclusion, so as to improve the application of the system.

关 键 词：录制录音制品法定许可 集中许可 著作权集体管理组织 反垄断法 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]