非晶合金材料发展趋势及启示  

Development and Implication of Amorphous Alloys

作　　者：汪卫华 WANG Weihua(Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory,Dongguan 523808,China;Institute of Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]松山湖材料实验室,东莞523808 [2]中国科学院物理研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2022年第3期352-359,共8页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院学部学科发展战略研究项目(2017-JS-A-3),中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB30000000);国家自然科学基金基础研究中心项目(61888102),国家自然科学基金重大项目(11790291)。

摘　　要：金属材料的发展与人类文明和进步息息相关。非晶合金材料是一类原子结构长程无序,具有独特优异性能的新型金属材料。近年来,非晶合金材料的研发、相关科学问题的研究、在高新技术领域的应用得到快速发展,并对金属材料的设计和研发、结构材料、绿色节能材料、磁性材料、催化材料、信息材料等领域产生深刻的影响。为此,文章在回顾非晶合金材料研究和研发历史过程的基础上,分析了当前其学科的前沿科学问题、发展方向,以及我国在该领域发展的问题、机遇和挑战,并提出相应的启示和建议,以期为加快新金属材料的发展,特别是在高新技术领域的应用提供管窥之见。The development of metallic materials is closely correlated to the civilization of human being.Amorphous alloys with long-range disordered atomic microstructure,unique physical and mechanical properties,are advanced and novel metallic materials which have diverse industrial applications.Recently,the scientific research,new system development,and industry applications of the structural disordered alloys such as amorphous alloys and high entropy alloy are fast developing,and have significant influence on fields such as the desgin and development of metallic materials,structural materials,green materials,magnetic materials,catalytic materials,and information materials.In this article,we review the history,the development trends,the fundamental scientific issues,applications and basic research chances and challenges of amorphous and related structural disordered alloys.The role of Chinese scientists in the development of the disordered alloys is evaluated and introduced.We propose the corresponding implication and suggestions on the future development and applications of the fastmoving field and the advanced metallic materials in China.

关 键 词：非晶合金材料 进展 科学问题 应用 启示 

分 类 号：TG139.8[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]