人口现象中的社会问题——对出生性别比失衡的再认识  

Social Issues under Demographic Facts:Reconsideration on Imbalanced Sex Ratio at Birth

作　　者：郑真真[1,2] ZHENG Zhen-zhen(Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732, China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所,北京100732 [2]中国社会科学院研究生院,北京100732

出　　处：《山东女子学院学报》2022年第3期20-28,共9页Journal of Shandong Women＇s University

摘　　要：出生性别比失衡发生在生育率下降且存在强烈生男偏好的社会,反映了性别平等方面的社会问题。中国人口的出生性别比失衡持续了相当长的时期,这种人口现象是社会问题的突出反映,也会引发一系列人口、社会和家庭问题,影响社会的协调发展。通过回顾中国出生性别比的变化趋势和特点以及对这个问题的认识和应对,从制度安排、村落文化、家庭需求和个体观念等方面分析影响生男偏好的主要因素,可以发现要真正扭转出生性别比的失衡现象,仍有待于付出长期不懈的努力,从解决根源问题入手,包括实现全面的男女平等以及切实保障妇女权益。The imbalance of sex ratio at birth occurs in a society with a declining fertility rate and a strong son preference,which reflects the social problems of gender inequality.The imbalance of sex ratio at birth in China has lasted for quite a long time.This demographic phenomenon is a prominent reflection of social problems,and it will also give rise to a series of population,social and family problems,affecting the coordinated development of the whole society.This paper reviews the changing trend and characteristics of sex ratio at birth in China,as well as the understanding and response to this problem,and analyzes the main determinants of son preference from the aspects of institutional arrangement and village culture,family needs,and individual opinion.It is still necessary to make long-term and unremitting efforts to reverse the imbalance of sex ratio at birth by dealing with the root causes of son preference,such as achieve comprehensive gender equality and protect women’s rights and benefits.

关 键 词：出生性别比 性别平等 生男偏好 妇女权益 

分 类 号：C923[社会学—人口学]