不同产地卤虫幼体对云龙石斑鱼幼苗生长和抗胁迫能力的影响  

Effects of Different Artemia Strains on Growth and Stress Resistance of Hybrid Grouper Juveniles

作　　者：刘晓翠 邓洪刚 于学权 朱亚光 王鹏飞 隋丽英 LIU Xiaocui;DENG Honggang;YU Xuequan;ZHU Yaguang;WANG Pengfei;SUI Liying(College of Marine and Environmental Sciences,Tianjin University of Science&Technology,Tianjin 300457,China;Tianjin Food Group Lida Seawater Resources Development Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300450,China;Tibet Shuanghu Puruogangri Biological Technology Co.,Ltd.,Naqu 853317,China)

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津300457 [2]天津食品集团立达海水资源开发有限公司,天津300450 [3]西藏双湖县普若岗日生物科技有限公司,那曲853317

出　　处：《天津科技大学学报》2022年第2期18-23,共6页Journal of Tianjin University of Science & Technology

基　　金：西藏卤虫资源调查研究(125A0604)。

摘　　要：饲料中不饱和脂肪酸(尤其是EPA和DHA)是海水鱼和甲壳类亲本和苗种培育的关键营养因子.卤虫幼体是重要的水产苗种生物饵料,不同产地的卤虫幼体脂肪酸组成和含量有较大差异.本研究将西藏其香错卤虫幼体、裂殖壶藻强化和未强化的咸海卤虫幼体投喂云龙石斑鱼(♀Epinehelus moara×♂Epinehelus lanceolatus),研究不同产地卤虫幼体及营养强化对石斑鱼幼苗生长、对弧菌攻毒和氨氮胁迫耐受力的影响.结果表明:其香错卤虫幼体多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA,C>18)和n-3高不饱和脂肪酸(n-3HUFA,C>20)含量最高,其中EPA含量明显高于裂殖壶藻强化的卤虫幼体和未强化咸海卤虫幼体;强化咸海卤虫幼体DHA含量最高.投喂上述卤虫幼体30 d后,其香错卤虫幼体组和强化咸海卤虫幼体组石斑鱼个体平均体长显著高于未强化咸海卤虫幼体组(P<0.05);其香错卤虫幼体组石斑鱼个体平均体质量显著高于其他两组,未强化咸海卤虫幼体组最低(P<0.05).其香错卤虫幼体组石斑鱼肌肉PUFA和n-3HUFA含量显著高于强化咸海卤虫幼体组,未强化咸海卤虫幼体组最低(P<0.05).通过哈维氏弧菌(Vibrio harveyi)攻毒和氨氮胁迫后,其香错卤虫幼体组石斑鱼存活率均显著高于其他两组(P<0.05).因此,其香错卤虫幼体孵化后可直接使用,无需进行营养强化,更适合在石斑鱼苗种培育中使用.Dietary unsaturated fatty acid(especially EPA and DHA)plays an important role in marine fish and crustacean broodstock management and larviculture.Artemia nauplii is a crucial live feed for marine larviculture,and the fatty acid composition and content of Artemia nauplii from various origins are different.In our study,the Tibet Qixiang Co Artemia nauplii(AN),Schizochytrium-enriched and non-enriched Aral Sea AN were fed to hybrid grouper(♀Epinehelus moara×♂Epinehelus lanceolatus)juveniles,to evaluate the effects of different Artemia strains as well as nutritional enrichment on the growth,and Vibrio challenge resistance and ammonia nitrogen tolerance of groupers.The fatty acid analysis showed that the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA,C>18)and n-3 high unsaturated fatty acid(n-3HUFA,C>20)in Qixiang Co AN were the highest,and the EPA contents of Qixiang Co AN were remarkably higher than those of Schizochytriumenriched and non-enriched Aral Sea AN.The DHA contents of Schizochytrium-enriched Aral Sea AN were also improved when compared to non-enriched one.After 30-day feeding,the average fish body length of the group fed Qixiang Co AN and enriched Aral Sea AN was significantly higher than that of the group fed non-enriched Aral Sea AN(P<0.05). And the averagefish body weight of the group fed Qixiang Co AN was significantly higher than the other two groups,and the lowestvalue was observed for fish fed non-enriched Aral Sea AN(P<0.05). Furthermore,the contents of PUFA and n-3HUFA inthe muscles of fish fed Qixiang Co AN were significantly higher than those of Schizochytrium-enriched Aral Sea AN group,and those of non-enriched Aral Sea AN group were the lowest(P<0.05). Upon Vibrio harveyi challenge and ammonia nitrogenexposure,the survival percentage of fish fed Qixiang Co AN was significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05). In summary,the Qixiang Co Artemia can be used without further enrichment,and thus is better live feed for grouperlarviculture.

关 键 词：卤虫幼体 高度不饱和脂肪酸 石斑鱼 弧菌攻毒 氨氮胁迫 

分 类 号：S963.214[农业科学—水产养殖]