农村老年人丧偶如何影响健康?——来自CHARLS数据的证据  

How Does Becoming Widowed Affect the Rural Elderly’s Health?Based on the Data of CHARLS

作　　者：李琴[1,2] 赵锐[3] 张同龙 Li Qin;Zhao Rui;Zhang Tonglong(College of Economics&Management,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;School of Economics,Southwest University of Political Science&Law,Chongqing 401120,China;National School of Agricultural Institution and Development,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学经济管理学院 [2]华南农业大学农业绿色发展研究中心,510642 [3]西南政法大学经济学院,401120 [4]华南农业大学国家农业制度与发展研究院,510642

出　　处：《南开经济研究》2022年第2期157-176,共20页Nankai Economic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“丧偶对农村老年人健康的影响:作用机制与政策干预”(21BJY011)的资助。

摘　　要：本文利用2011年、2013年和2015年共三轮CHARLS数据,分析了农村老年人丧偶对其健康的短期影响、影响异质性和影响渠道。结果表明,丧偶降低了农村老年人自评健康水平、日常活动能力及认知能力。异质性分析表明,丧偶对农村女性和70岁及以上老年人健康的负面影响更大。本文重点从精神状况、经济状况、社会交往和健康行为四个方面分析丧偶影响老年人健康的渠道。结果表明,丧偶增加了农村老年人精神抑郁、降低其农业劳动参与率、食物支出和独居概率,增加了他们的社会交往活动,但这对抽烟、喝酒等健康行为没有影响。丧偶后老年人精神抑郁状况与其健康恶化呈显著正相关关系,参与农业劳动和社会交往与健康恶化呈显著负相关关系。最后,本文根据实证结果提出了缓解丧偶对农村老年人健康冲击的政策建议。Using 2011,2013 and 2015 CHARLS data,this paper analyzes the short-term effects,effect heterogeneity,and mechanisms of becoming widowed on the rural elderly’s health.The results show that losing a spouse increases the probability of activities of daily living in need of help,and reduces the self-reported health and cognition ability.The heterogeneous analysis show that the effect is especially worse for rural women elderly and elderly aged 70 years old.Then the paper further analyzes the possible channels from mental status,economic status,social activities and health behaviors.The results show that losing a spouse increases the depression degree,reduces the agricultural participation,food consumption,and the probability of living alone for rural elderly.Losing a spouse also increases their social activities,but has no effect on the health behaviors such as smoking and drinking.We also find that there has been a positive relationship between mental depression and health deterioration.But agricultural participation and social activities are negative correlated to health deterioration.Finally,the paper put up some suggestion for enhancing the welfare for rural elderly.

关 键 词：丧偶 健康 DID 渠道 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学] D669.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]