成都市养老机构痴呆照护者共情能力、心理弹性现状及相关性分析  

Status Quo and Correlation Analysis of Empathy Ability and Psychological Resilience among Dementia Caregivers in Chengdu Elderly Care Institutions

作　　者：杨建华[1] 杨茜 YANG Jianhua;YANG Qian(School of Nursing,Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu,Sichuan Province,610083 China)

机构地区：[1]成都医学院护理学院,四川成都610083

出　　处：《中国卫生产业》2021年第35期181-184,共4页China Health Industry

基　　金：四川省哲学社会科学重点研究基地—四川省心理健康教育研究中心(XLJKJY1730C);四川省养老与老年健康协同中心课题(19S08)。

摘　　要：目的调查成都市养老机构痴呆照护者共情能力和心理弹性及二者之间关系。方法于2020年9—11月该研究采用方便抽样方法,通过现场问卷进行调查,使用心理反应指针量表和心理弹性量表,对成都市20家养老机构177名痴呆照护者进行调查,分析养老机构痴呆照护者的共情能力和心理弹性水平等。结果成都市养老机构痴呆照护者的共情能力总分(46.00±7.60)分,与常模分(58.40±9.64)分相比,差异有统计学意义(t=-21.676,P<0.05),共情维度得分由高到低依次为同情心(12.24±1.60)分、观点抉择(12.18±4.17)分、想象力(11.31±3.34)分和个人痛苦(8.25±4.20)分;心理弹性总分(63.57±19.96)分,与常模分(65.40±23.9)分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);痴呆照护者的共情能力与心理弹性呈正相关(r=0.545,P<0.001),共情能力中观点抉择、想象力和个人痛苦与心理弹性呈正相关(r=0.512、0.370、0.467,P<0.05),共情能力中同情心与心理弹性呈负相关(r=-0.458,P<0.001)。结论成都市养老机构痴呆照护者心理弹性较好,共情能力偏低,应及时对照护者开展共情训练,同时注意同情心合理控制,防止情绪耗竭。Objective To investigate the empathy ability and resilience of dementia caregivers in Chengdu elderly care institutions and the relationship between them.Methods From September to November 2020,the study adopted the convenient sampling method,conducted a survey through an on-site questionnaires,and used the Psychological Response Index Scale and the Psychological Resilience Scale to investigate 177 dementia caregivers in 20 elderly care institutions in Chengdu,to analyze the empathy ability and psychological resilience of dementia caregivers in elderly care institutions.Results The total empathy score(46.00±7.60)points of dementia caregivers in Chengdu elderly care institutions was compared with the norm score(58.40±9.64)points,the difference was statistically significant(t=-21.676,P<0.001).The dimension scores from high to low were sympathy(12.24±1.60)points,opinion decision(12.18±4.17)points,imagination(11.31±3.34)points and personal pain(8.25±4.20)points.The norm score(65.4±23.9)points compared with the total psychological resilience score was(63.57±19.96)points,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The empathy ability of dementia caregivers was positively correlated with resilience(r=0.545,P<0.001).In empathy ability,viewpoint decision,imagination and personal pain were positively correlated with psychological resilience(r=0.512,0.370,0.467,P<0.05).In empathy ability,sympathy and resilience were negatively correlated(r=-0.458,P<0.001).Conclusion Dementia caregivers in Chengdu elderly care institutions have good psychological resilience and low empathy ability.Empathy training should be carried out for caregivers in time.At the same time,pay attention to reasonable control of sympathy to prevent emotional exhaustion.

关 键 词：养老机构 痴呆照护者 共情能力 心理弹性 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]