附加生长延缓剂和无菌水覆盖延长葡萄试管苗继代间隔的研究  

Study on prolonging subculture interva in vitro preservation grape plantlets with supplement of plant growth retardants and covering sterile water

作　　者：刘文林 成晓华 杜国强[1] 王莉 师校欣[1] LIU Wenlin;CHENG Xiaohua;DU Guoqiang;WANG Li;SHI Xiaoxin(College of Horticulture,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学园艺学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2022年第2期30-37,共8页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划支持项目(2018YFD0201300);热杂果现代种业科技创新团队(21326310D);河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2018100204).

摘　　要：为有效延长葡萄试管苗种质离体保存的继代间隔时间,降低接种频率,本试验以‘巨峰’‘赤霞珠’‘四倍体玫瑰香’‘克瑞森无核’葡萄为试材,研究培养基中附加缩节胺或烯效唑及培养基表面覆盖无菌水对葡萄试管苗延缓生长的影响。结果表明:培养基附加250 mg/L缩节胺可用于‘赤霞珠’试管苗延缓生长保存,接种后180 d存活率由对照的零存活提高到100%,去掉缩节胺后试管苗当代即恢复生长。培养基中附加0.5~1.0 mg/L的烯效唑对延长‘巨峰’‘四倍体玫瑰香’和‘克瑞森无核’葡萄试管苗继代间隔时间有良好作用;培养基表面覆盖20~40 mL无菌水能有效减少培养基水分蒸发,延长继代间隔时间,且对‘巨峰’‘四倍体玫瑰香’和‘克瑞森无核’试管苗生长状态无显著影响;培养基附加1.0 mg/L烯效唑及表面覆盖40 mL无菌水的组合处理有效延长了‘巨峰’‘四倍体玫瑰香’和‘克瑞森无核’试管苗保存时间,180 d时,3个品种试管苗存活率分别由只加烯效唑单一处理的55%、50%和70%提高到组合处理的100%。附加烯效唑处理的试管苗除‘巨峰’试管苗在第1代恢复正常生长外,其它品种在常规培养第2代恢复正常生长。In order to prolong the subculture time during the germplasm preservation in vitro in grapes and to minimize the inoculating frequency,we studied the efficacy of supplying Mepiquat Chloride or Uniconazole in the media,and covering sterile water on the media to retard the plantlet growth using grape cultivars‘Kyoho’,‘Cabernet Sauvignon’,‘Tetraploid Muscat Hamburg’and‘Crimson seedless’.The results showed that the supplying of 250 mg/L Mepiquat Chloride in the medium benefited to the preserve culture in‘Cabernet Sauvignon’.The survival rate at 180 days after inoculating reached 100%.The plantlets recovered growth right after transferred on the medium without Mepiquat Chloride.The supplying of 0.5-1.0 mg/L Uniconazole in the media increased the preserve time of‘Kyoho’,‘Tetraploid Muscat Hamburg’and‘Crimson seedless’.The covering 20-40 mL sterile water on top of the media could decrease the water loss from the media and prolonged the preserve time,which had no significant effect on the plantlet growth in‘Kyoho’,‘Tetraploid Muscat Hamburg’and‘Crimson seedless’.The combination of the supplying 1.0 mg/L Uniconazole to the medium with covering 40 mL sterile water significantly increased the survival rate at 180 days after inoculating from 55%,50%,and 70%to 100%in‘Kyoho’,‘Tetraploid Muscat Hamburg’,and‘Crimson seedless’,respectively,compared with the supplying 1.0 mg/L Uniconazole.The plantlets of‘Kyoho’that used to be cultured in the medium supplied with Uniconazole could recover to normal growth,while one more subculture stage was needed for the other cultivars.

关 键 词：葡萄 缩节胺 烯效唑 无菌水覆盖 种质保存 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]