长期有机肥磷肥配施对潮褐土有机质固存效应的影响  

Effect of long-term combined application of organic and phosphate fertilizer on retention of organic matter in aquo-brown soil

作　　者：孙志朋 郭玉冰 刘建玲 苏晓红 廖文华 汪红霞 SUN Zhipeng;GUO Yubing;LIU Jianling;Su Xiaohong;LIAO Wenhua;WANG Hongxia(College of Resources and Environmental Science/Key Laboratory for Farmland Eco Environment of HebeiProvince,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Test Center of Geophysical Exploration Instituteof China General Administration of Metallurgical Geology,Baoding 071000,China;Zhuozhou GaoguanzhuangTown People's Government,Zhuozhou 072758,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院/河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北保定071000 [2]中国冶金地质总局地球物理勘查院测试中心,河北保定071000 [3]涿州市高官庄镇人民政府,河北涿州072758

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2022年第2期67-75,共9页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(20327306D;19226912D).

摘　　要：为探究露地菜田长期施入有机肥、磷肥情况下,土壤腐殖质及其组成、土壤有机碳储量、固存量、土壤净固碳量的演变特征,探讨外源碳物质输入与土壤有机碳的关系,利用潮褐土18年的(2003—2020)露地蔬菜长期定位试验,研究施用有机肥(M0,0;M1,75 t/hm^(2);m^(2),150 t/hm^(2))和磷肥(P0,0;P1,180 kg/hm^(2);P2,360 kg/hm^(2))配合施用对土壤有机质、腐殖酸及其组分(胡敏酸、富里酸)含量的影响,结果表明:(1)连续耕种18年,不施肥处理土壤的有机质、腐殖酸及其组分含量显著下降,有机质年均降低0.09 g/kg,腐殖酸及其组分年均降低0.06 g/kg(0.02、0.02 g/kg);(2)施有机肥处理的土壤有机质、腐殖酸及其组分的含量随施肥年限呈现出先快后慢的增长趋势;(3)长期单施有机肥(P0M1、P0m^(2))、有机肥磷肥配施(P1M1、P1m^(2)、P2M1和P2m^(2))的土壤有机质、腐殖酸、胡敏酸、富里酸含量均显著增加,增幅分别为46.9%~78.6%、104.9%~131.5%、151.1%~177.3%和84.3%~116.2%;(4)施磷量相同时,土壤有机质含量随着有机肥施用量的增加而显著增加,平均升高17.3%。(5)长期施用有机肥可以显著增加土壤有机碳储量、固存量、净固碳量,有机碳储量增幅达到40.8%~68.0%,有机碳固存量增量为10.0~16.7 t/hm^(2),净固碳量增量为558.0~929.8 kg/hm^(2)·年。且有机肥磷肥配施对土壤有机质含量、腐殖酸及其组分的提升效果优于单施有机肥/磷肥。以上为提高潮褐土土壤肥力、优化施肥管理措施提供理论依据。This study analyzed the amount of organic matter and humic acid in soil with 18 years'(2003—2020)application of organic fertilizer(M0,0;M1,75;m^(2),150 t/hm^(2))and inorganic phosphorus fertilizer(P0,0;P1,180;P2,360 kg/hm^(2))in order to explore the evolution characteristics of soil humus of open vegetable fields under long—term fertilizer application.Results showed that:(1)The contents of organic matter,humic acid and its components in the soil under no fertilization treatment decreased significantly in 18 consecutive years with an annual average decrease of 0.09 g/kg in organic matter and 0.06 g/kg(0.02,0.02 g/kg)in humic acid.(2)The contents of soil organic matter,humic acid and its components increased rapidly at first and then slowly with fertilization years;(3)The contents of soil organic matter,humic acid,humin and fulferic acid were significantly increased by single application of organic fertilizer(P0M1,P0m^(2))and combined application of organic fertilizer(P1M1,P1m^(2),P2M1 and P2m^(2));(4)Under the same application of inorganic fertilization,soil organic matter content increased significantly with the increase of organic fertilizer application rate by 17.3%on average;(5)Long-term application of organic fertilizer could significantly increase soil organic carbon storage,soil carbon sequestration and soil net carbon sequestration.The increase of soil organic carbon storage was 40.8%-68.0%.The soil organic carbon sequestration increased 10.0-16.7 t/hm^(2),and the soil net carbon sequestration increased 558.0-929.8 kg/h2·a.In conclusion,combined application of organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilization had better effects on soil organic matter content,humic acid and its components.Our finding provides reference for improvement of field management to increase fertility of aquo-brown soil.

关 键 词：长期定位试验 有机肥 磷肥 土壤有机质 腐殖酸 有机碳固定 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]