DNA识别受体介导的天然免疫参与抗痘病毒感染的研究进展  

Research progress in DNA sensor-mediated innate immunity against poxvirus infection

作　　者：成温玉 雷霆宇 张博昕 景志忠[2] CHENG Wen-yu;LEI Ting-yu;ZHANG Bo-xin;JING Zhi-zhong(School of Modern Agriculture and Biotechnology,Ankang University,Ankang 725000,China;State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology,Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute,CAAS,Lanzhou 730046,China)

机构地区：[1]安康学院现代农业与生物科技学院,安康725000 [2]家畜疫病病原生物学国家重点实验室,中国农业科学院兰州兽医研究所,兰州730046

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2022年第4期341-348,共8页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(No.2021JQ-8330);陕西省高校科协青年人才托举计划项目(No.20190209);安康学院高层次人才科研启动项目(No.2020AYQDZR08)和安康学院校级课题(No.2020AYPY03,No.2021AYPT13)联合资助.

摘　　要：痘病毒严重危害人类健康和畜牧业的健康发展。作为一类胞质中复制的双链DNA病毒,痘病毒在感染过程中可被宿主的一系列模式识别受体所识别,尤其是DNA识别受体可以识别病毒DNA,通过级联放大反应诱导宿主产生I型干扰素、细胞因子以及趋化因子等,从而发挥抗病毒天然免疫功能。截止目前,多个DNA识别受体被发现参与了抗痘病毒感染过程,其中TLR9和cGAS是识别并发挥抗痘病毒感染的关键受体。本文对所有参与痘病毒感染应答的DNA识别受体及其作用机制进行综述,以期深入了解宿主应答痘病毒感染的天然免疫反应机制,为阐明痘病毒的致病与免疫机制奠定基础。The emergence of poxvirus infection has long posed one of the greatest threats to both human health and the economic development of the livestock industry.As a double-stranded DNA virus that replicates completely in the cytoplasm,poxvirus can be sensed by a series of pattern recognition receptors.The recognition of viral DNA by DNA sensors leads to the production of type I interferons,cytokines and chemokines via a signaling cascade response,which plays a role in the antiviral innate immune response.To date,many DNA sensors have been confirmed to be involved in the defense against poxvirus infection,particularly cGAS and TLR9.This review provides an overview of how poxvirus induces innate immune activation via cytosolic DNA sensing pathways.A comprehensive understanding of the DNA-sensing antiviral immune responses of the host will provide a theoretical basis for understanding the pathogenesis and immune mechanisms.

关 键 词：痘病毒 DNA识别受体 天然免疫 抗病毒 免疫逃逸 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]