微乳液在油气田开发中的应用  

Application of microemulsion in oil and gas field development

作　　者：殷代印[1] 吕红涛 王东琪[1] YIN Dai-yin;LV Hong-tao;WANG Dong-qi(School of Petroleum Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学石油工程学院,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《化学工程师》2022年第3期63-68,共6页Chemical Engineer

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“低渗透油藏表面活性剂驱微乳液渗流机理及数值模拟研究”(51474071)。

摘　　要：微乳液自20世纪90年代被定义推广以后,逐渐在各领域被研究及应用。微乳液在油气开发中,能够改变岩石表面的润湿性,通过增溶、乳化和富集作用对不同类型剩余油进行拉拽和携带,将其驱替出地层。微乳液具有粒径小、界面张力低、增溶能力强等特点,并且有多种分类方法。通过正交试验法和相图法可以对微乳液进行配比的确定。国内外学者进行了微乳液在化学驱油、洗油解堵、返排助剂和污水处理等方面的研究,并且均取得一定的成果。微乳液作为纳米级别的化学药剂,不仅能在常规油气田起到增产提效的作用,同时也为非常规储层的开采开辟新道路,具有很好地应用前景。不过,为了使其能够在油田开发中发挥更好的作用,应加速低廉环保、高效防损微乳液的研制以及深入研究其作用机理。Microemulsion has been studied and applied in various fields since it was defined and popularized in 1990s.Microemulsion in oil and gas development can change the wettability of rock surface,drag and carry different types of residual oil through solubilization,emulsification and enrichment,and drive it out of formation.Microemulsion has the characteristics of small particle size,low interfacial tension and strong solubilization ability,and there are many classification methods.The ratio of microemulsion can be determined by orthogonal test and phase diagram method.Scholars in China and abroad have carried out research on microemulsion in chemical flooding,oil washing and plugging removal,additives and sewage treatment,and have achieved certain results.As a nano-scale chemical agent,microemulsion can not only increase production and improve efficiency in conventional oil and gas fields,but also open up a new path for the exploitation of unconventional reservoirs,which has a good application prospect.However,in order to make it play a better role in oilfield development,it is necessary to accelerate the development of low-cost,environmentally friendly and efficient loss-proof microemulsions and further study its mechanism.

关 键 词：微乳液 剩余油 相图 助排增产 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]