技术进步影响农民工就业和收入了吗——来自劳动力异质性视角下的微观证据  

Does Technological Progress Affect the Employment and Income of Migrant Workers?——A Micro Evidence from the Perspective of Labor Heterogeneity

作　　者：李天成 孟繁邨[2] 李世杰[3] 高健[3] LI Tiancheng;MENG Fancun;LI Shijie;GAO Jian

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院工业经济研究所,北京100006 [2]华南农业大学经济管理学院,广州510642 [3]海南大学,海口570228

出　　处：《农业技术经济》2022年第3期100-116,共17页Journal of Agrotechnical Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:71663014,71963012)。

摘　　要：本文基于中国流动人口动态监测调查(CMDS)数据,结合测度各省技术进步水平的宏观年鉴数据,从技能偏向型技术进步的视角对农民工就业和收入进行了实证检验。研究发现,(1)异质性农民工中的低技能农民工就业“降级”,中等技能农民工就业“极化”,而高技能农民工就业“升级”。(2)以全要素生产率为代表的技术进步与产业结构升级是异质性农民工就业岗位升级和技能溢价的主要影响因素。技术进步与产业结构升级推动了中等技能与高技能农民工的就业向上流动、技能溢价,尤其是对高技能农民工的影响效应更为明显。(3)按岗位分组后发现,技术进步与产业结构升级导致高端岗位内部对农民工技能溢价的提升大于中端岗位的影响,并且高技能农民工在高端岗位内的技能溢价最明显。Based on the Micro Migrants Dynamic Survey( CMDS) data,combined with the macro annual data of the technical progress level of each province,this paper empirically analyzes the trends and influencing factors of migrant workers’ employment structure and income in the context of technological progress. This paper finds that :( 1) Among the heterogeneous migrant workers,the employment of low-skilled migrant workers is downgraded,the employment of medium-skilled migrant workers is polarized,and the employment of high-skilled migrant workers is upgraded.( 2) Represented by total factor productivity of the technological progress and industrial structure upgrades are heterogeneity migrant workers employment and skill premium main influence factors of technical progress and upgrade of industrial structure to promote the secondary skills and highly skilled migrant workers employment upward mobility,skills especially for highly skilled migrant workers at a premium effect is more obvious.( 3) After grouping by positions,it is found that technical progress and industrial structure upgrading lead to the improvement of skills premium of migrant workers in high-end positions,which is greater than that in mid-level positions,and the skills premium of highly skilled migrant workers in high-end positions is the most obvious.

关 键 词：技能偏向 技术进步 异质性 农民工 就业 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济] F249.2