长沙市养老机构老年人尿失禁的流行现况及影响因素  

Urinary incontinence prevalence and determinants among old population in nursing homes in Changsha City

作　　者：邰红妍[1] 何桂香[2] 李艳群[2] 张慧[1] 彭蕾[1] 谭红专 TAI Hong-yan;HE Gui-xiang;LI Yan-qun;ZHANG Hui;PENG Lei;TAN Hong-zhuan(Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Changsha 410011,China;Geriatric Department,The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University,Changsha 410011,China;The Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,Xiangya School of Public Health,Central South University,Changsha 410008,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院临床护理学教研室,长沙410011 [2]中南大学湘雅二医院老年医学科,长沙410011 [3]中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,长沙410008

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2022年第4期412-416,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2008606);中南大学湘雅二医院临床护理科研基金(2018-YHL-33)。

摘　　要：目的研究长沙市养老机构老年人尿失禁(urinary incontinence,UI)的患病率及其影响因素。方法2018年6月1日―2018年12月31日,采用整群抽样对长沙市6区2县床位数≥200张的养老院中所有符合条件的老年人进行问卷调查。结果养老机构老年人UI患病率24.01%,中、重度UI为主,占66.24%。冠心病(OR=2.13,95%CI:1.37~3.31,P=0.001)、既往手术史(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.14~2.50,P=0.010)、活动能力[不能活动(OR=7.32,95%CI:3.22~16.69,P<0.001)、借助轮椅行走(OR=4.76,95%CI:2.37~9.56,P<0.001)、他人帮助行走(OR=1.90,95%CI:1.03~3.52,P=0.040)]和便秘(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.30~2.95,P=0.001)是UI的独立危险因素。步行能力受损[借助轮椅(OR=6.09,95%CI:2.11~17.55,P=0.001)、他人帮助(OR=4.34,95%CI:1.46~12.92,P=0.008)]和焦虑抑郁(OR=2.22,95%CI:1.09~4.51,P=0.029)会加重UI程度。结论治疗老年人便秘和冠心病,保持身体活动功能和心理健康,对预防和治疗老年人UI可能具有重要意义。Objective To study the prevalence of urinary incontinence(UI)and its determinants among old population in nursing homes in Changsha City.Method A cluster sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on all eligible paticipants who lived in nursing homes with≥200 beds in six Districts and two Counties of Changsha City from June 1 to December 31,2018.Results The UI prevalence was 24.01%,among them,the moderate and severe UI accounted for 66.24%.Cardiovascular disease(OR=2.13,95%CI:1.37-3.31,P=0.001),surgical history(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.14-2.50,P=0.010),reduced mobility[immobility(OR=7.32,95%CI:3.22-16.69,P<0.001),wheelchair dependent walking(OR=4.76,95%CI:2.37-9.56,P<0.001),assistance dependent walking(OR=1.90,95%CI:1.03-3.52,P=0.040)]and constipation(OR=1.96,95%CI:1.30-2.95,P=0.001)were significant risk factors for UI.Impaired walking ability[wheelchair dependent walking(OR=6.09,95%CI:2.11-17.55,P=0.001),assistance dependent walking(OR=4.34,95%CI:1.46-12.92,P=0.008)],and anxiety or depression(OR=2.22,95%CI:1.09-4.51,P=0.029)increased UI severity.Conclusion It’s of great significant to treat constipation and cardiovascular disease,and keep mobility function and mental health in older population,which may prevent or remedy UI.

关 键 词：尿失禁 老年人 养老机构 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.1[医药卫生—流行病学] R592[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]