美国自行车交通规划的经验借鉴与启示——以明尼阿波利斯为例  

Lessons Learned and Policy Implications from Bicycle Transportation Planning in the United States: A Case of Minneapolis

作　　者：杨文越 李昕 范颖玲 YANG Wenyue;LI Xin;FAN Yingling

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院 [2]广州市城市规划设计有限公司 [3]美国明尼苏达大学

出　　处：《现代城市研究》2022年第3期56-63,共8页Modern Urban Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41701169);广州市科技计划项目(202102021041);广州市哲学社科规划2021年度课题(2021GZGJ210);美国国家自然科学基金项目(1444745)。

摘　　要：自行车交通是一种低碳、环保和健康的交通方式,对城市可持续发展起到重要作用。中国城市机动化快速发展严重挤压了自行车交通的生存空间与路权分配,导致自行车出行比例大幅下降。美国在自行车交通发展和规划方面有着与欧洲国家不一样的经验与模式。论文以全美自行车骑行得分最高的明尼阿波利斯市为例,分别从州、都市区、郡和市4个层级对其自行车交通规划体系进行梳理与研究,并从连接性、娱乐性、独立性和安全性4方面归纳美国自行车道设计特色,以期为中国城市自行车交通规划与设计提供来自北美的经验模式借鉴,促进和迎接自行车交通的“回归”。Bicycle transportation is a low-carbon, environment-friendly,and healthy mode of transportation,which plays an important role in the sustainable development of cities.With rapid increases in urban motorization in China,bicycle transportation is severely limited by reduced road space and road rights,resulting in a sharp decline in bicycle mode share.Bicycle transportation planning and development experiences in the United States are distinct from European countries.Using Minneapolis-the most bikefriendly city in the United States-as a case study,the paper examines the multi-level bicycle transportation planning system in the United States from four administrative levels:the state,the metropolitan area,the county,and the city.Besides,it sums up the design features in the United States from four perspectives:connectivity,entertainment,independence and safety,hoping to provide the experience from North America for the planning and design of bicycle transportation in China and to promote the "return" of bicycle transportation.

关 键 词：自行车交通 自行车交通规划 自行车道 保护设计 明尼阿波利斯 

分 类 号：U412[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]