深圳市龙岗区成年女性新发HIV/AIDS病例流行病学特征及WB带型  

Epidemiological characteristics and Western blot bands of HIV/AIDS in adult females in Longgang district of Shenzhen

作　　者：杨慧[1] 许华文 周健明[1] 李静媚[1] 金玉娟[1] 谢显清[1] 龙清平[1] 陈应坚[1] YANG Hui;XU Hua-wen;ZHOU Jian-ming;LI Jing-mei;JIN Yu-juan;XIE Xian-qing;LONG Qing-ping;CHEN Ying-jian(Longgang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518172;School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510310,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙岗区疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518172 [2]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510310

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2022年第2期269-273,共5页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：深圳市龙岗区医疗卫生科技计划项目(LGKCYLWS2020122)。

摘　　要：目的了解龙岗区成年女性艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)患者流行病学特征及Western blot(WB)带型,为控制女性艾滋病疫情制定针对性政策提供科学依据。方法收集2016-2019年龙岗区新发现≥18岁女性HIV/AIDS人口学、行为学及WB条带信息,描述性分析该人群的传播特征和流行趋势。结果2016-2019年龙岗区新发现成年女性HIV/AIDS平均年龄(41.40±13.53)岁,报告病例年龄呈现逐年增长趋势;40~74岁年龄组占52.7%(89/169),初中文化水平占44.4%(75/169);非婚异性性传播占79.9%(135/169),呈现逐年上升趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=5.220,P<0.05)。配偶/固定性伴传播比例随年龄增长呈上升趋势,非婚异性性传播呈下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=7.879,P<0.05)。新发现病例主要是住院与门诊患者,占81.7%(138/169),不同来源病例差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.459,P<0.05)。167例WB确证阳性病例中,7条带以上占90.4%(151/167);env、pol基因编码的条带和gag基因编码的p24条带检出率均在90.0%以上,p55和p17检出率分别为58.7%和55.1%。结论2016-2019年龙岗区新发现成年女性HIV/AIDS呈上升趋势,且病例报告峰值呈现高龄化,非婚异性性传播成为HIV的主要传播途径。应对重点年龄人群加强针对性干预。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and Western blot(WB) patterns of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)in adult females in Longgang district,and provide scientific evidence for HIV/AIDS prevention and control in target population.Methods Demographic,behavioral and WB patterns information were collected from the newly diagnosed cases in women aged ≥18 year in Longgang district during 2016-2019 to analyze the main transmission modes and the epidemic trend.Results The age of newly diagnosed cases in adult females increased during 2016-2019 and their average age were(41.40±13.53)years old.Woman aged 40-74 accounted for 52.7%(89/169) and 44.4%(75/169) patients had junior middle school education level.Non-marital heterosexual transmission accounted for 79.9%(135/169),showing an increasing trend year by year(χ^(2) trend=5.220,P<0.05).The proportion of spousal/fixed sexual partner transmission showed an upward trend with age,and the non-marital heterosexual transmission showed a downward trend (χ^(2) trend=7.879,P<0.05).The newly discovered cases were mainly inpatients and outpatients,accounting for 81.7%(138/169),and the difference between cases from different sources was statistically significant(χ^(2)=18.459,P<0.05).Among the 167 WB confirmed positive cases,90.4%(151/167)had more than 7 bands;the detection rates of the bands encoded by env and pol genes and the p24 bands encoded by gag genes were all over 90.0%,and the detection rates of p55 and p17 were 58.7% and 55.1%,respectively.Conclusions The number of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases in adult females increased and peaked gradually in older population.Most of the cases were transmitted by nonmarital heterosexual behaviors.Special efforts should be made to prevent HIV/AIDS in the older population.

关 键 词：女性 艾滋病病毒 艾滋病 Western blot 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]