细胞膜仿生修饰纳米粒肿瘤治疗的研究进展  

Research Advancement of Cell Membrane Biomimetic Modified Nanoparticles in Tumor Treatment

作　　者：石雯 胡芳芳 尹铁英[1] 王亚洲 SHI Wen;HU Fang-Fang;YIN Tie-Ying;WANG Ya-Zhou(Bioengineering College of Chongqing University,State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants,Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education,Chongqing 400030,China;School of Mediciine,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400030,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学生物工程学院,血管植入物开发国家地方联合工程实验室,生物流变科学与技术教育部重点实验室,重庆400030 [2]重庆大学医学院,重庆400030

出　　处：《生物化学与生物物理进展》2022年第3期525-539,共15页Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金(cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0009);中央高校基本科研业务费医工融合专项(2019CDYGZD002)资助项目。

摘　　要：大量研究证明,细胞膜仿生修饰通过将不同细胞膜包被于纳米粒表面,赋予纳米粒新的生物学功能。纳米粒被细胞膜仿生修饰后,获得了细胞膜表面丰富的蛋白质并保留了纳米粒的高载药能力,延长体内循环时间,使纳米粒具有逃避免疫系统,跨越各种生理屏障的能力。本文总结了近年来细胞膜仿生修饰纳米粒用于肿瘤治疗的最新进展,讨论了细胞膜仿生修饰纳米粒的特点,概括了其良好的免疫逃避能力、优良的药物装载能力、良好的肿瘤靶向能力和透血脑屏障能力几点优势,介绍了细胞膜仿生修饰纳米粒的制备步骤和3种主流膜与纳米粒融合方法以及纳米粒特征分析方法,综述了细胞膜仿生修饰纳米粒在肿瘤靶向化疗、光热诊疗、免疫治疗方面的积极作用。Malignant tumors had always been one of the main diseases endangering human life and health.The development of nano-drugs had the huge potential to ameliorate the prognosis of malignant tumors,particularly by modifying the surface of nanoparticles with cell membranes,it was possible to obtain effective malignant tumor treatment.Biomimetic modification of cell membrane was an emerging way that enabled nanoparticles new biological functions by coating different cell membranes on the surface of the nanoparticles.Many studies had shown that cell membrane biomimetic modified nanoparticles retained the complex biological functions of natural cell membrane while displayed physicochemical properties that were suitable for effective drug delivery.They prolonged blood circulation time and exhibited lower immunogenicity compared to traditional synthetic nanodrug delivery systems.Modified nanoparticles cross various biological barriers and even posessed specific tumor targeting as well.Based on these properties,cell membrane biomimetic modified nanoparticles emerged an ideal drug delivery system for tumor therapy.In this paper,we summarized the recent progress of cell membrane biomimetic modified nanoparticles for tumor therapy and discussed their characteristics which included:excellent immune escaping property;high drug-loading capacity;specifity of tumor targeting;outstanding penetrability for blood brain barrier.Then,the protocols of preparing cell membrane biomimetic modified nanoparticles and characterization analysis were briefly introduced.At last,we demonstrated the positive roles of cell membrane biomimetic modified nanoparticles on tumor-targeting therapy,tumor photothermal therapy,and tumor immunotherapy.This review provided guiding rules of methodology and theoretical basis for studying cell membrane biomimetic modified nanoparticles in tumor therapy.

关 键 词：细胞膜仿生修饰 纳米材料 肿瘤治疗 免疫逃逸 靶向化疗 

分 类 号：Q81[生物学—生物工程]