不确定需求下故障共享单车回收周期性车辆路径问题研究  

Period Vehicle Routing Problem for Fault-Shared Bicycle Recycling with Uncertain Demand

作　　者：徐阳[1,2,3] 周亚南 黎建强 苏兵 张欣[1,2,3] XU Yang;ZHOU Yanan;LAI Kin Keung;SU Bing;ZHANG Xin(School of Economics and Management,Xi'an Technological University,Xi'an 710021;Soft Science Base for Ordnance Industry Innovation Dvelopment in Shaanxi Province,Xi'an 710021;Civil-Military Integration Science and Technology Innovation Research Center of Shaanxi's Colleges and Universities,Xi'an 710021;School of Economics and Commerce,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006)

机构地区：[1]西安工业大学经济管理学院,西安710021 [2]陕西省兵工科技创新发展软科学研究基地,西安710021 [3]陕西高校军民融合科技创新研究中心,西安710021 [4]广东工业大学经济与贸易学院,广州510006

出　　处：《系统科学与数学》2022年第2期337-354,共18页Journal of Systems Science and Mathematical Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20XGL023);陕西省教育科学“十三五”规划课题(SGH20Y1097)。

摘　　要：为了及时有效地回收城市道路网络中的故障共享单车,对分散于路网边上的故障单车进行聚类形成收集点,考虑聚类收集点上回收需求呈现的不确定性特征,建立以行驶总距离最小为目标的回收周期性车辆路径选择模型.采用基约束鲁棒优化方法,利用有界区间对不确定的回收量进行描述,引入扰动系数和控制系数调节模型的鲁棒性和适应性.针对模型设计近似算法求解,证明近似算法的时间复杂性,分析算法近似比的上下界,用实例验证算法的近似比,结果表明算法性能较好.最后,通过分析回收量发生波动时,即扰动系数和控制系数对目标函数和算法近似比的影响,进一步验证了算法和模型的有效性.In order to timely and effectively recover the fault shared vehicles in the urban road network,the fault shared vehicles scattered on the edge of the road network are clustered to form collection points.Considering the uncertain characteristics of the recovery demand on the cluster collection points,a recovery periodic vehicle route selection model aiming at minimizing the total distance is established.The basis constrained robust optimization method is adopted,the uncertain recovery is described by bounded interval,and the disturbance coefficient and control coefficient are introduced to adjust the robustness and adaptability of the model.An approximate algorithm is designed to solve the model,the time complexity of the approximate algorithm is proved,the upper and lower bounds of the approximate ratio of the algorithm are analyzed,and an example is used to verify the approximate ratio of the algorithm.The results show that the algorithm has good performance.Finally,the effectiveness of the algorithm and model is further verified by analyzing the influence of disturbance coefficient and control coefficient on the approximation ratio of the objective function and the algorithm.

关 键 词：需求不确定 周期性车辆路径 鲁棒优化 K-MEANS算法 近似算法 

分 类 号：U491.225[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]