多源卫星降水产品在长江流域的时空精度对比  

Comparison of temporal and spatial accuracy of precipitation products from multi-source satellites in the Yangtze River basin

作　　者：郭家力[1,2] 丁光旭 杨旭 汤正阳[3] 张海荣[3] 潘仁伟 戴凌全 GUO Jiali;DING Guangxu;YANG Xu;TANG Zhengyang;ZHANG Hairong;PAN Renwei;DAI Lingquan(College of Hydraulic&Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region,Ministry of Education,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Yangtze and Hydroelectric Science,China Yangtze Power Co.,Ltd.,Yichang 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心(三峡大学),湖北宜昌443002 [3]中国长江电力股份有限公司智慧长江与水电科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技（中英文）》2022年第2期230-242,252,共14页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52179018,52009065,51909010);智慧长江与水电科学湖北省重点实验室(中国长江电力股份有限公司)开放基金(ZH2002000103);三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心开放基金项目(KF2019-12);宜昌市自然科学基金项目(A20-3-005)。

摘　　要：准确评估现有多源卫星降水产品的时空精度特征,可为长江流域的水资源高效开发利用奠定坚实的气象数据基础。利用长江流域191个气象站点1999—2019年逐日站点实测降水数据和TRMM(tropical rainfall measuring mission)、CMORPH(CPC MORPHing technique)、CHIRPS(climate hazards group infrared precipitation with station data)和PERSIANN_CDR(precipitation estimation from remotely sensed information using artificial neural networks climate data record)4种卫星降水产品,运用皮尔逊相关系数R、均方根误差E RMS和纳什效率系数E_(NS)等连续性指标评价卫星降水产品在长江流域时间和空间尺度上相对于站点降水的探测精度,并运用探测率P_(OD)、误报率R _(FA)和T_(S)评分3个分类评价指标衡量卫星降水产品对不同量级降水的捕捉能力。结果表明:在年尺度上,TRMM和CMORPH相对于CHIRPS和PERSIANN_CDR表现出更高的探测精度,而对于年降水量空间分布特征,仅有TRMM、CMORPH和CHIRPS能不同程度地准确反映;在月尺度上,TRMM和CMORPH对降水估计仍然具有较高精度,TRMM、CMORPH和CHIRPS在描述月降水空间分布方面在长江流域不同区域各具优势;在日尺度上,4种卫星降水产品对弱降水的捕捉能力均较强,对强降水探测能力则较差;在空间尺度上,4种卫星降水产品在日和月尺度上表现为高海拔地区精度较高,而年尺度上则无明显变化规律。总体而言,4种卫星降水产品中,TRMM和CMORPH在长江流域年、月、日不同时间尺度上更具优势,但在空间分布上,4种产品在不同地区差异显著。这一结论为进一步开发适用于长江流域的高时空分辨率降水融合产品奠定了研究基础。Accurately assessing the temporal and spatial accuracy characteristics of existing multi-source satellite-based precipitation products can lay a solid meteorological data foundation for the efficient development and utilization of water resources in the Yangtze River basin(YRB).The daily precipitation data of 191 meteorological gauges in YRB from 1999 to 2019 and four types of satellite-based products of TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission),CMORPH(CPC MORPHing technique),CHIRPS(Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station data)and PERSIANN_CDR(Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks Climate Data Record)were used.The indicators(e.g.R,E _(RMS) and E_(NS))were used to evaluate the detection accuracy of four satellite-based precipitation products related to gauge-based precipitation at temporal and spatial scales.P_(OD),R_(FA) and T_(S) classification evaluation indicators are used to measure the ability of four satellite-based precipitation products of different magnitudes.The results showed that:At annual scale,TRMM and CMORPH show higher detection accuracy than CHIRPS and PERSIANN_CDR,and terms of the spatial distribution characteristics of annual precipitation,only TRMM,CMORPH and CHIRPS could reflect its spatial distribution to varying degrees;At a monthly scale,TRMM and CMORPH still have high accuracy in precipitation estimation,and TRMM,CMORPH,and CHIRPS have different advantages in describing the spatial distribution of precipitation in different regions in YRB;At daily scale,the four satellite-based precipitation products have a strong ability to capture weak precipitation but have a poor ability to detect heavy precipitation;At spatial scale,the accuracy of the four types of satellite-based precipitation data is higher in high-altitude areas at daily and monthly scales,and there is no obvious change law at the annual scale.In general,among the four types of satellite-based precipitation products,TRMM and CMORPH have more advantages in diff

关 键 词：卫星降水产品 时空比较 精度对比 统计评估 长江流域 

分 类 号：TV125[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]