近直立煤层深浅孔爆破卸压技术与效果分析  

Analysis on pressure relief technology and effect of deep and shallow hole blasting in near-vertical coal seam

作　　者：刘旭东 刘传义 刘垚[2] 张燊 LIU Xu-dong;LIU Chuan-yi;LIU Yao;ZHANG Shen(Xinjiang Energy Co.,Ltd.,CHN Energy Group,Urumqi 830002,China;School of Enery and Mining Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]国家能源集团新疆能源有限责任公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830084 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院,北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2022年第3期79-83,共5页Coal Engineering

摘　　要：为降低近直立煤层工作面水平地应力集中程度,理论分析了近直立煤层顶底板爆破卸压原理,提出了近直立煤层深浅孔爆破卸压方案,采用钻孔成像对爆破前后卸压效果进行了对比分析,并通过现场电磁辐射、微震数据分析对卸压爆破效果进行了验证,研究结果表明:采用深浅孔爆破后,顶底板岩层中形成了立体“缓冲带”,阻碍了高水平地应力向工作面传递,降低了应力集中程度;爆破后顶底板发育新的裂隙,数量增加约46.6%,若干裂隙扩展为离层,局部出现破碎区;爆破后工作面两侧煤岩体电磁强度明显降低,爆破前后微震能量与频次呈现先升高后降低规律,起到了良好的卸压效果。In order to alleviate the horizontal stress concentration of near-vertical coal seam working face,the principle of pressure relief by blasting at the roof and floor in near-vertical coal seam was analyzed theoretically,and a deep and shallow hole blasting pressure relief scheme was proposed.Borehole imaging was used to compare the effect of pressure relief before and after blasting,and the effect of pressure relief blasting was verified by on-site electromagnetic radiation and microseismic data analysis.The research results show that:after deep and shallow hole blasting,a three-dimensional “buffer zone” is formed in the rock layer of the roof and floor,which hinders the transmission of high level in-situ stress to the working face and alleviate the stress concentration.After blasting,new cracks are developed in the roof and floor,and the number increases by about 46.6%.Some cracks are expanded into bed separation and local broken zones appear.After blasting,the electromagnetic intensity of coal and rock mass on both sides of the working face decreases obviously,and the micro seismic energy and frequency increases first and then decreases before and after blasting,the pressure relief effect of is favorable.

关 键 词：近直立煤层 冲击地压 深浅孔爆破 卸压效果 

分 类 号：TD263[矿业工程—矿井建设]