基于应力波理论的断层对覆岩移动变形和应力传递阻隔效应研究  

Blocking effect of fault on overburden deformation and stress transfer based on stress wave theory

作　　者：龙军[1] 于秋鸽 LONG Jun;YU Qiu-ge(Sichuan Institute of Coal Field Geological Engineering Exploration and Designing,Chengdu 610045,China;CCTEG Coal Mining Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;Coal Mining and Design Branch,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省煤田地质工程勘察设计研究院,四川成都610045 [2]中煤科工开采研究院有限公司,北京100013 [3]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2022年第3期105-111,共7页Coal Engineering

摘　　要：为了研究断层对开采沉陷影响机制,将工作面开采对覆岩的扰动视为应力波在岩层介质中的传递,建立了应力波在软弱岩层和坚硬岩层间双向传递的应力表达式。采用理论和数值计算分析了软弱岩层介质对应力波传递的影响,揭示了断层对覆岩移动变形和应力传递阻隔机制并通过相似模拟进行验证,最后利用数值计算分析了不同断层特征参数对覆岩移动变形阻隔作用的影响程度。结果表明:工作面开采产生的应力波波速越大,采动对覆岩的扰动越大;断层带岩体作为破碎带存在,应力波在断层带岩体多重反射作用下穿过断层带后波速下降明显,开采盘与非开采盘应力波最大波速之比为4.68~35.61,断层对采动应力传递具有阻隔效应,覆岩移动变形主要发生在开采盘;由于应力波穿越断层后在浅部波速衰减小于深部,浅部断层带岩体先于深部断层带岩体发生非连续变形;断层特征参数对覆岩移动变形传递阻隔作用排序为断层带宽度>断层落差>断层倾角>断层带岩体内摩擦角>断层带岩体黏聚力。In order to study mining subsidence mechanism influenced by fault,the disturbance of working face mining on overlying rock is regarded as the transfer of stress wave in rock stratum medium.At the same time,the stress expressions of wave transferring between weak stratum and hard stratum are established.Stress wave transmission influenced by weak strata medium is analyzed by theory and numerical calculation to reveal the mechanism of fault barrier to overburden movement and stress transfer,which is verified by similar simulation,and the influence of different fault characteristic parameters on the barrier is analyzed by numerical calculation.The result shows that,and lager mining-generated stress wave velocity leads to greater disturbance of mining on overlying rock;fault rock mass being as fractured zone,stress wave velocity decreases significantly after passing through the fault zone under the action of multiple reflection effect.The ratio of maximum stress wave velocity of the mining panel and the non-mining panel is 4.68~35.61,indicating an obvious blocking effect on the transfer of mining-induced stress,and the overburden movement and deformation mainly occur in the mining panel;as the stress wave velocity attenuation in shallow fault zone is less than that in deep fault zone,the rock mass in shallow fault zone has discontinuous deformation before the rock mass in deep fault zone does;the blocking effect of fault characteristic parameters on overburden movement and deformation is ranged from significant to non-significant:fault zone width>fault drop>fault dip angle>friction angle>cohesion.

关 键 词：开采沉陷 断层影响 应力波传递 阻隔效应 非连续变形 

分 类 号：TD745[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]