空间冷焊效应的研究进展  

Research Progress of Space Cold Welding Effect

作　　者：苍悦天 张凯锋[1] 周晖[1] 万志华[1] 郝宏[1] 胡汉军[1] CANG Yue-tian;ZHANG Kai-feng;ZHOU Hui;WAN Zhi-hua;HAO Hong;HU Han-jun(Lanzhou Institute of Physics,China Academy of Space Technology,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州空间技术物理研究所,兰州730000

出　　处：《表面技术》2022年第4期92-103,共12页Surface Technology

摘　　要：综述了自20世纪60年代以来国内外航天机构对空间冷焊效应的研究成果。首先,从晶体结构与能量角度阐述了空间冷焊效应的机理,并讨论了表面氧化物、非化学计量化合物和晶体缺陷在冷焊效应中的作用。接着针对冷焊效应的主要影响因素,分别从接触类型、基体材料特性、接触面积与应力等方面进行了深入的分析,具体包括静载、冲击和微动3种接触类型下冷焊效应的差异,不同材料对偶间粘着力大小的对比以及接触面积和应力对冷焊效应的影响。随后介绍了国内外冷焊效应研究设备概况。在此基础上,归纳了3种空间活动机构常用基体材料(Fe、Al和Ti基金属材料)的冷焊防护措施,具体包括镀MoS2、TiC和DLC等涂层以及硬质阳极氧化、等离子体电解氧化等处理方法。最后,针对我国目前空间冷焊效应的研究现状,提出了研究重点与发展建议。The research results of space cold welding effect on domestic and foreign space institutions since the 1960s were reviewed in this paper.First,based on the explanation of lattice structure and energy,the mechanism of the space cold welding effect was expounded.Also,the role of surface oxides,non-stoichiometric compounds and crystal imperfections in cold welding effect was discussed.The main factors affecting the cold welding effect including contact type,substrate materials,contact area and the stress,were also analyzed.It included the difference of cold welding effect under static load,impact and fretting,the comparison of adhesion force between different material,and the influence of contact area and contact stress on cold welding.The equipment for the research of the cold welding effect was introduced.Aimed at three common substrate materials for space moving parts(steel,aluminium alloy and titanium alloy),the protection measures for cold welding were summarized.It included coatings(such as MoS2,TiC,and DLC),hard anodizing and plasma electrolytic oxidation.According to the current research situation of the space cold welding effect in China,the main points of research and the development suggestions were put forward.

关 键 词：高真空 空间冷焊 粘着力 微动磨损 冷焊防护 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]