环氧基复合吸波涂层的制备与性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Epoxy Matrix Composite Absorbing Materials

作　　者：王顺顺 张喆 王霏[1,2] 张际亮[1,2] 颜丙功 顾永华[1,2] 江开勇[1,2] WANG Shun-shun;ZHANG Zhe;WANG Fei;ZHANG Ji-liang;YAN Bing-gong;GU Yong-hua;JIANG Kai-yong(Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Energy Manufacturing,Huaqiao University,Fujian Xiamen 361021,China;Xiamen Key Laboratory of Digital Vision Measurement,Huaqiao University,Fujian Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学福建省特种能场制造重点实验室,福建厦门361021 [2]华侨大学厦门市数字化视觉测量重点实验室,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《表面技术》2022年第4期325-334,共10页Surface Technology

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金(2016J01089,2020J01067);福建省科技计划项目(2019H6016)。

摘　　要：目的制备综合吸波性能良好的复合吸波涂层。方法选择炭黑和羰基铁粉进行机械混合,作为吸波剂加入到环氧树脂中进行吸波材料制备,利用扫描电子显微镜对炭黑和羰基铁粉分别进行微观形貌的观察。利用矢量网络分析仪在2~18 GHz内测试其电磁性能,研究炭黑和羰基铁粉含量及涂层厚度对吸波性能的影响规律。结果通过观察微观形貌发现,炭黑颗粒较小,出现团聚和粘附性现象,羰基铁粉颗粒呈球状,表面光滑,分散性好。复合后的材料混合较均匀,羰基铁粉分散在基体中,与炭黑团配合能够提高材料的吸波性能。纯炭黑的吸波频带较窄,纯羰基铁粉的频带主要集中在中高频段,而复合后的吸波频段较宽,有着良好的吸波性能。炭黑质量分数为4%,羰基铁粉质量分数为250%,厚度为2 mm时,吸波涂层在9~18 GHz的微波吸收率超过90%,且反射损耗峰值达到近–45 dB。结论炭黑和羰基铁粉复合后,吸波材料的吸波频带更宽,效果更好,解决了单一吸波剂涂层存在的吸波频带窄和集中于高频段的问题。通过调节涂层厚度,可以使材料在相对应的波段获得更好的吸波性能,从而得到更广泛的应用。This paper is to prepare hybrid composite absorbing coating with good absorbing properties.Carbon black and carbonyl iron powder are mixed mechanically and added into epoxy resin as absorbent for the preparation of absorbing materials.The microstructure of carbon black and carbonyl iron powder is observed by scanning electron microscope.The electromagnetic properties are tested by vector network analyzer in 2~18 GHz.The effects of carbon black and carbonyl iron powder content and the coating thickness on the absorbing properties are studied.By observing the microscopic morphology,it is found that the carbon black particles are small,appearing agglomeration and adhesion phenomenon,while the carbonyl iron powder particles are spherical,the surface is smooth,good dispersion.The composite material mixture is more uniform,the carbonyl iron powder dispersed in the matrix with carbon black group can improve the absorbing performance of the material;The absorbing frequency band of pure carbon black is narrow,and that of pure carbonyl iron powder is mainly concentrated in the middle and high frequency band,while the absorbing frequency band of composite is wider,which has good absorbing performance.When the content of carbon black is 4%,carbonyl iron powder is 250%,and the thickness of the absorbing coating is 2 mm,the absorption rate of the coating is more than 90%in the range of 9~18 GHz,and the peak value of reflection loss is nearly–45 dB.The composite material of carbon black and carbonyl iron powder has wider absorbing band and better effect,which solves the problems that single absorbing agent coating is narrow absorbing band and concentrated in high frequency band.By adjusting the coating thickness,the material can obtain better absorption performance in the corresponding band,so it can be used more widely.

关 键 词：吸波涂层 炭黑 羰基铁粉 复介电常数 复磁导率 吸波性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]