基于高频监测的千岛湖湖心藻类时空变化研究  

Spatial-Temporal Variation of Algal Community in Central of Qiandaohu Reservoir Based on High Frequency Monitoring Buoy Data

作　　者：史鹏程 朱广伟[1,2] 李未 韩轶才[3] 王裕成[4] 朱梦圆 许海[1] 李慧赟[1] SHI Pengcheng;ZHU Guangwei;LI Wei;HAN Yicai;WANG Yucheng;ZHU Mengyuan;XU Hai;LI Huiyun(Qiandaohu Ecosystem Research Station,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Hangzhou Institute of Environmental Sciences,Hangzhou 310000,China;Hangzhou Bureau of Ecology and Environment Chun'an Branch,Hangzhou 311700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所千岛湖生态系统研究站,江苏南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]杭州市环境保护科学研究院,浙江杭州310000 [4]杭州市生态环境局淳安分局,浙江杭州311700

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2022年第4期908-917,共10页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.41830757,42077161);中国科学院野外站联盟项目(No.KFJ-SW-YW036)。

摘　　要：为探究亚热带深水水库藻类时空变化特征,在千岛湖(新安江水库)湖心区布设藻类荧光分析仪(BBE FluoroProbe)浮标,对该区域藻类门类的剖面变化进行为期1年的高频观测.结果表明:在夏季暴雨之后的高温晴热期(7月底至8月底),水库藻类总量出现峰值;不同门藻类的数量峰值出现时间有差异,硅藻门、甲藻门的藻类数量峰值出现在4月底至7月下旬,蓝藻门和绿藻门藻类数量峰值出现在6月中旬至9月初;不同门藻类在垂向上出现数量峰值的深度也不同,绿藻门藻类数量的垂向峰值出现在1 m左右的表层,而蓝藻门、硅藻门、甲藻门的垂向数量峰值出现在3~5 m的次表层.统计分析发现,温度、总磷浓度和光照强度与湖心区藻类细胞密度时空变化显著相关.暴雨过程会对藻类群落结构变化产生两方面影响:一方面会降低温度和光照强度,抑制藻类生长;另一方面会带来大量的营养盐,刺激藻类生长.研究显示:藻类荧光分析仪等高频监测浮标能高效捕捉藻类水华等关键水生态风险过程,能为湖库水源地水质风险提供预警信息;在极端天气事件发生频率增加的气候背景下,应加强对灾害性藻类异常增殖问题的关注.In order to explore the spatiotemporal characteristics of phytoplankton in subtropical deep reservoir,BBE FluoroProbe Buoy was used to conduct high frequency algae phylum dynamic measurement in the central Qiandao Lake for a year,and water quality variables were also synchronously monitored.The results showed that annual peak algal abundance occurred in the high temperature period(i.e.,from the end of July to the end of August),which also occurred at the end of extreme rainfall in summer.The time of peak values for each algal phylum varied significantly.Diatom abundance peak occurred from late April to late July,while cyanobacteria and chlorophyta peaked from mid-June to early September.As to the vertical distribution of each algal phylum,the vertical peaks of cyanobacteria and diatoms appeared at a depth of 3-5 m,while green chlorophyta appeared at about 1 m.Statistical analysis showed that temperature,total phosphorus concentration and light intensity were significantly correlated with the spatiotemporal dynamics of phytoplankton in the central reservoir.Our results also indicated that extreme rainfall events could have two effects on phytoplankton community dynamics.On the one hand,extreme rainfall events are often accompanied by decreased temperature and light intensity,which inhibit the growth of algae.On the other hand,it also could bring a large amount of nutrients into the reservoir and promote algal growth.This study indicates that high-frequency dynamics of algal blooms and other ecological risk incidents could be effectively observed by the phytoplankton fluorescence analyzer,thereby providing early warning for the water quality risks of lake and reservoir ecosystems.In addition,given the increasing frequency of extreme precipitation worldwide,more attention should be paid to its effect on abnormal algal proliferation.

关 键 词：藻类异常增殖 高频监测浮标 深水水库 极端天气事件 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]