黄皮辣椒和青皮辣椒表型性状对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Phenotypic Traits of Yellow Skin Pepper and Green Skin Pepper

作　　者：何润铭 郭汉权[2] 刘洪标[2] 黄智文[2] 王凯 沈颖 田永红[2] HE Runming;GUO Hanquan;LIU Hongbiao;HUANG Zhiwen;WANG Kai;SHEN Ying;TIAN Yonghong(Guangdong Kenong Vegetable Seed Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510000,China;Vegetable Research Institute,Guang-dong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东科农蔬菜种业有限公司,广东广州510000 [2]广东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,广东广州510000

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2022年第4期729-741,共13页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广东省科研事业单位重点领域研发计划项目(No.2020B0202090002);广州市对外科技合作计划项目(No.201807010033)。

摘　　要：中国是世界上最大的辣椒生产国和消费国,青皮辣椒和黄皮辣椒是市场上主要的蔬菜辣椒品种,为了解目前市场上主流黄皮辣椒和青皮辣椒品种在表型性状上的特点和区别及遗传多样性,对目前市场上较为主流的36份黄皮辣椒品种和38份青皮辣椒品种的25个田间表型性状进行变异系数、遗传多样性指数、相关性、主成分及聚类的对比分析。结果表明:黄皮辣椒和青皮辣椒除了果实颜色上的区别,在株高、单果重、果实表面质地和果实表面皱缩程度等性状上也有一定区别,黄皮辣椒株高平均值较青皮辣椒高约16%,黄皮辣椒单果重平均值较青皮辣椒重约41.4%,青皮辣椒整体表面皱缩程度弱质地较光滑,黄皮辣椒则较皱;在遗传多样性指数上,黄皮辣椒的变化范围为0.1268~0.9915,青皮辣椒的变化范围为0.2762~1.3697,青皮辣椒多样性要高于黄皮辣椒;黄皮辣椒和青皮辣椒在株高与果形指数和果实纵径,叶片长和叶片宽与果实横径、单果重、果形指数,纵径与横径的相关性存在差异;果实因子是主导影响黄皮椒性状的综合指标,而生长因子则是影响青皮辣椒性状的综合指标;聚类分析结果以主成分载荷值较高的性状而归类,与主成分分析结果相呼应,且整体聚类结果包含了相似的黄皮辣椒和青皮辣椒品种,又与单独聚类结果相映衬;36份黄皮辣椒品种聚类分析后被分为7个群组,其中第1群组有19个品种,占全部黄皮辣椒的52.7%,38份青皮辣椒品种聚类分析后被分为7个群组,其中第5群组和第6群组都有9个品种,均占总数的23.6%,这说明辣椒品种间同质化较严重。China is the largest pepper producer and consumer country in the world. Green skin pepper and yellow skin pepper are the main vegetable pepper varieties in the market. It is particularly important to understand the characteristics and differences in the phenotypic traits and genetic diversity of mainstream yellow skin pepper and green skin pepper varieties in the market. Therefore, we conducted a comparative analysis of the coefficient of variation, genetic diversity index, correlation, main component and clustering of 25 field phenotypic traits of 36 yellow skin peppers and 38 green skin peppers that are currently the mainstream in the market. The results showed that in addition to the difference in fruit color, there are also certain differences in traits such as plant height, single fruit weight, fruit surface texture and fruit surface shrinkage between yellow skin pepper and green skin pepper, the average plant height of yellow pepper is about 16% higher than that of green pepper, the average weight of a single fruit of yellow skin pepper is about 41.4% heavier than that of green skin pepper, the overall surface of the green pepper is weaker and the texture is smoother, while the yellow pepper is more wrinkled. In the genetic diversity index, the variation range of yellow skin pepper is 0.1268-0.9915, and that of green skin pepper is 0.2762-1.3697,and the diversity of green skin peppers is higher than that of yellow skin peppers. There are differences in the correlation between plant height and fruit shape index, plant height and fruit longitudinal diameter, and leaf length and fruit transverse diameter, single fruit weight and fruit shape index, and leaf width and fruit transverse diameter, single fruit weight and fruit shape index, and longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter in yellow skin pepper and green skin pepper. Fruit factor is a comprehensive index that dominates the characteristics of yellow skin pepper, and growth factor is a comprehensive index that affects the characteristics of green pepp

关 键 词：黄皮辣椒 青皮辣椒 表型性状 对比 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]