多元协效阻燃剂对EVA/LDPE复合材料性能的影响  

Effect of Multiple Synergistic Flame Retardant on Properties of EVA/LDPE Composites

作　　者：刘子利[1] 吴晨颖 刘希琴[1] 魏东博[1] 包金芳 朱俊 陈新祥 LIU Zili;WU Chenying;LIU Xiqin;WEI Dongbo;BAO Jinfang;ZHU Jun;CHEN Xinxiang(College of Materials Science and Technology,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Changshu Zhonglian Photoelectric New Material Co.,Ltd.,Changshu 215542,China;Zhongli Group,Changshu 215542,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学材料科学与技术学院,江苏南京210016 [2]常熟中联光电新材料有限责任公司,江苏常熟215542 [3]江苏中利集团股份有限公司,江苏常熟215542

出　　处：《绝缘材料》2022年第4期48-55,共8页Insulating Materials

摘　　要：在填充碱式硫酸镁(MHSH)晶须和氢氧化铝(ATH)共混物的基础上,分别添加硼砂、硼酸锌(ZnB)和微胶囊红磷(MRP)制备了多元协效阻燃的EVA/LDPE复合材料。采用热重分析仪、锥形量热仪、极限氧指数仪、扫描电镜及能谱仪、拉伸试验机、交流介质强度试验仪和高阻计等多种实验设备分析了含碱式硫酸镁晶须的多元协效阻燃剂对EVA/LDPE复合材料阻燃、力学和电学性能的影响。结果表明:添加MRP显著提高了EVA/LDPE复合材料的初始分解温度T_(d)、失重速率峰值温度T_(p2)和T_(p3)、800℃残留率。与添加硼砂和ZnB相比,添加MRP的试样表现出最佳的阻燃性能,其热释放率曲线峰值和总热释放量值降低至219.86 kW/m^(2)、19.38 MJ/m^(2),点燃时间和极限氧指数值分别提高至59 s、28.4%,且样条无熔融滴落现象,炭层连续致密。MRP协同MHSH晶须、ATH提高EVA/LDPE复合材料的阻燃机理源于气相阻燃和凝聚相阻燃的协同效应。添加MRP降低了复合材料的断裂伸长率,但具有良好的电绝缘性能。On the basis of filling magnesium hydroxide sulfate hydrates(MHSH)whisker and aluminium trihydrate(ATH)blends,EVA/LDPE composites were prepared by adding borax,zinc borate(ZnB)and microencapsulated red phosphorus(MRP),respectively.The effects of multiple synergistic flame retardant containing MHSH whisker on the flame retardancy,mechanical and electrical properties of EVA/LDPE composites were analyzed by thermogravimetric analyzer,cone calorimeter,limiting oxygen index(LOI)meter,scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS),universal tensile machine,AC medium strength tester,and high resistance meter.The results show that the initial decomposition temperature T_(d),the peak temperature of weight loss rate T_(p2) and T_(p3),and the residual rate at 800℃of EVA/LDPE composites are significantly increased by adding MRP.Compared with the samples adding borax and zinc borate,the samples adding MRP show the best flame retardancy,the peak value of heat release rate curve and total heat release value decreases to 219.86 kW/m^(2) and 19.38 MJ/m^(2),respectively;and the time to ignition(TTI)and LOI increases to 59 s and 28.4%,respectively;during the combustion process,the carbon layer of the sample is continuous and compact,without melting and dropping.The mechanism of MRP cooperating with MHSH whisker and ATH to improve the flame retardancy of EVA/LDPE composite is due to the synergistic effect of gas phase flame retarding and condensed phase flame retarding.The addition of MRP reduces the elongation at break of the composites,but they still have good electrical insulation properties.

关 键 词：EVA/LDPE复合材料 协效阻燃剂 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：TM215[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]