热环境下运动人体热感觉研究进展  

Perspective on Thermal Sensation in Sports under Thermal Environment

作　　者：季泰 袁伟琪 王坤[1] 季浏[3] JI Tai;YUANWeiqi;WANG Kun;JI Liu(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;University of Science and Tech‐nology of China,Hefei 230027,China;East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学,上海200240 [2]中国科学技术大学,安徽合肥230027 [3]华东师范大学,上海200241

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2022年第4期73-80,共8页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题(2019ETY002);上海市教育委员会学校体育科研项目(HJTY-2019-D01)。

摘　　要：基于国内外相关研究,分别对人体热感觉的概念界定、影响因素、评价方法以及预测模型做了系统梳理,结果表明:热感觉是一种人体具备的对自身热状态的感知觉能力。影响运动中人体热感觉的因素包括热环境、新陈代谢率、服装、年龄、种族、性别和心理等。虽然人体核心温度、皮肤温度、新陈代谢率、心率、脑电波、肌电以及排汗率等生理指标能间接评价人体热感觉,但热感觉主观评价量表最为直观和易于获得。人体热感觉预测模型种类繁多,但模型的原理均基于人体热量平衡,其中Fanger模型应用最为广泛,已有模型主要适用于低强度运动中人体热感觉的预测,在中高强度运动中的预测准确性较差。未来研究应结合中高强度运动中人体的特点,聚焦高温和寒冷等极端热环境条件下运动中人体热感觉的研究。Based on related research at domestic and overseas, this paper systematically reviewed and analyzed the conceptual definition, influencing factors, evaluation methods, and thermal sensation prediction models of thermal sensation. Result shows that thermal sensation is a kind of ability that human body perceives its own thermal state. Factors affecting thermal sensation include age, race, gender, thermal environment, clothing, metabolic rate and psychology etc. Although body temperature, skin temperature, metabolic rate, sweat rate, heart rate, and EEG can indirectly evaluate thermal sensation, thermal sensation scale is the most intuitive and accessible. There are various prediction models for thermal sensation. The core is based on human thermal balance, but the applications are limited. The Fanger model is the most widely used. Existing researches mainly focus on low-intensity activities of the human body. Future research should combine the characteristics of the human body with exercise, and pay more attention to the study of thermal sensation at high and medium exercise intensity, especially in extreme.hot and cold conditions.

关 键 词：运动 热环境 热感觉 

分 类 号：G806[文化科学—运动人体科学]