大竹县2016—2019年蜚蠊监测结果分析  

Analysis on surveillance of cockroach in Dazhu County from 2016 to 2019

作　　者：谢林波[1] 唐天勇[1] 袁东娅 申化坤[1] 江帆 陈真华 李佳欣 XIE Lin-bo;TANG Tian-yong;YUAN Dong-ya;SHEN Hua-kun;JIANG Fan;CHEN Zhen-hua;LI Jia-xin(Dazhu County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Sichuan 635100,China)

机构地区：[1]大竹县疾病预防控制中心,四川635100

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第1期28-30,共3页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：四川省财政厅四川省卫生计划委关于下达2015年重大疾病防控省补助资金的通知(川财社[2015]49号)。

摘　　要：目的掌握大竹县2016—2019年蜚蠊密度、季节消长和种群构成等情况,为科学开展蜚蠊防控工作提供科学依据。方法采用粘捕法,对农贸市场、餐饮业、宾馆、医院和居民区5种不同生境蜚蠊进行监测,每种生境布粘蟑纸10张(餐饮业布20张),放置12 h,晚放晨收,鉴定记录蜚蠊种类、数量等情况。结果大竹县2016—2019年共捕获蜚蠊963只,平均密度为0.34只/张,侵害率为5.93%,密度指数为5.66只/张,蜚蠊密度和侵害率各年份间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=505.4521,P<0.05;χ^(2)=41.5715,P<0.05)。德国小蠊占捕获总数的93.46%,为大竹县优势种,美洲大蠊和黑胸大蠊分别占捕获总数的3.43%和0.21%,种群之间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=26.77,P<0.05)。蜚蠊密度、侵害率均以餐饮业(0.72只/张、10.86%)最高,医院未捕到蜚蠊。6—8月为活动高峰。结论大竹县2016—2019年蜚蠊以德国小蠊为优势种,应有针对性地采取综合环境治理措施,有效控制蜚蠊。Objective To master the density,seasonal fluctuation and population composition of cockroaches in Dazhu County from 2016 to 2019,and to provide scientific basis for scientific prevention and control of cockroaches.Methods The cockroaches from 5 different habitats including markets for traditional agricultural products,restaurants,hotels,hospitals and residential areas by sticky trap method were monitored,each habitat was covered with 10 pieces of cockroach gluing papers(20 pieces for catering industry),placed for 12 hours as well as placed in the evening and picked up in the next morning,the species and quantity of cockroaches were identified and recorded.Results A total of 963 cockroaches with the density in 0.34 per piece on average,invasion rate in 5.93%and density index in 5.66 per piece on average were captured in Dazhu County from 2016 to 2019,and the differences in density and infringement of cockroaches were statistically significant(χ^(2)=505.4521,P<0.05;χ^(2)=41.5715,P<0.05).Blattella germanica,which accounted for 93.46%of total cockroaches caught,was the dominant species in Dazhu County.Periplaneta americana and Periplaneta fuliginosa accounted for 3.43%and 0.21%of total number caught respectively.The inter-population difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=26.77,P<0.05).The density and invasion rate of cockroaches were the maximum in the catering industry(0.72 head/piece,10.86%),and no cockroach was caught in the hospital.The activity peak extended from June to August.Conclusion Blattella germanica is the dominant species in Dazhu County from 2016 to 2019,and comprehensive environmental control measures should be taken to effectively control the cockroaches.

关 键 词：蜚蠊 德国小蠊 蜚蠊密度 监测 分析 

分 类 号：R184.39[医药卫生—流行病学]