2019年西安市城镇蜚蠊侵害状况的调查  

Investigation on cockroach infestation of urban areas in Xi′an in 2019

作　　者：李广帅[1] 庞松涛[1] 薛威[1] 雷晓岗 徐琨 解民[1] 杨西平 LI Guang-shuai;PANG Song-tao;XUE Wei;LEI Xiao-gang;XU Kun;XIE Min;YANG Xi-ping(Xi′an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shaanxi 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市疾病预防控制中心,陕西710054

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第1期79-82,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：西安市卫生健康委科研基金项目(2020yb44)。

摘　　要：目的明确2019年西安市蜚蠊防控工作的缺点和不足,为蜚蠊科学防控提供有力的数据支撑,也为全市的创卫复审提供有力的保障。方法按照西安市11个行政区划,在各城区随机抽取调查生境,采用目测法调查,记录观察到的蜚蠊种类、数量、活卵鞘数和蟑迹数。蜚蠊侵害水平按照国家标准进行评价。结果共抽取9种生境4002间房间,蜚蠊成若虫侵害率为1.35%,控制水平为B级,生境中的机场或车站和城区中的灞桥区侵害率最高,分别为3.64%、2.99%;机关单位和未央区、鄠邑区未发现蜚蠊成若虫。活卵鞘查获率0.35%,密度指数1.14只/间,为A级,其中查获率最高的生境为学校、机场或车站,城区为碑林区,分别为0.91%、0.91%和1.62%;密度指数最高的生境为宾馆,城区为灞桥区,均为1.50只/间。蟑迹查获率为1.10%,查获率最高的生境为机场或车站,城区为灞桥区,分别为4.55%、2.69%;机关单位和居委会未发现蟑迹。全市城镇蜚蠊控制水平等级为B级。结论西安市部分生境的蜚蠊控制应当引起重视,创建卫生城市对控制蜚蠊有着显著效果。Objective To identify the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prevention and control of cockroach infestation in Xi′an in 2019,and to provide strong data support for the scientific prevention and control of cockroach infestation,and to provide a powerful guarantee for the National Health City review.Methods The survey habitats were randomly selected in urban areas from the 11 administrative divisions of Xi′an.The species and number of cockroaches,the number of live egg sheaths and the trace number of cockroaches were recorded by visual inspection,and the cockroach infestation level was evaluated according to national standards.Results A total of 4002 rooms in 9 habitats were sampled,the rate of adult and nymphaea infraction was 1.35%with a control level of B.The highest infestation rates were 3.64%and 2.99%in the airport or station in the habitat and the Baqiao District in the urban area respectively.No adult and nymphae were found in the government departments,Weiyang District and Huyi District.The detection rate of live egg sheaths was 0.35%,and the density index was 1.14 per room,level A.Among them,the highest detection rate of eggs in different habitats were school(0.91%)and airport and station(0.91%),the urban area with the highest rate of eggs was Beilin District(1.62%).The habitat with the highest density index was the hotel(1.50)and the urban area was Baqiao District(1.50).The rate of cockroach trace was 1.10%,the habitat with the highest rate of cockroach trace was airport and station(4.55%)and the urban area was Baqiao District(2.69%).No signs of cockroaches were found in government agencies and neighborhood committees.The control level of cockroaches in urban areas was level B.Conclusion The cockroach control situation in some habitats of Xi′an should be paid attention to.The establishment of the National Health City had a significant effect on cockroach control.

关 键 词：蜚蠊 侵害 密度指数 防控 调查 

分 类 号：R184.39[医药卫生—流行病学]