“二重对立”之困:马克思早期法学难题的哲学阐释与有效化解  

The Difficulty of “Dual Opposition”:The Philosophical Explanation and Effective Resolution of Marx’s Early Legal Problems

作　　者：王浩斌[1] 李勇 WANG Haobin;LI Yong

机构地区：[1]中南大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《马克思主义哲学》2022年第1期51-60,127,共11页Marxist Philosophy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“中国共产党意识形态话语体系建设史研究”(项目编号:20BKS134)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：为解决法的原则构建与实现的难题,马克思在《博士论文》中对德谟克利特和伊壁鸠鲁的哲学差异进行研究。他从哲学上阐释法的原则构建遇到的实体与形式、现有与应有对立的“二重对立”难题,并在褒扬伊壁鸠鲁哲学的同时辩证地化解矛盾。为进一步探究法的原则实现问题,马克思在扬弃伊壁鸠鲁哲学的同时指出,法的形而上学原则作为法的理念形式必须是普遍意志与个别意志相统一的哲学表达,而法的原则的内在张力更表现在法的原则与现实世界的互动中,只有在法的原则与德意志现实的关联中才能实现原则。In order to solve the problem of the construction and realization of the principles of law,Marx studied the philosophical differences between Democritus and Epicurus in his Doctoral Dissertation. He interpreted the principles of law from a philosophical viewpoint to construct the“dual opposition”problem between entities and forms,existing and due,and dialectically resolved contradictions while praising Epicurean philosophy. To further explore the realization of the principles of law,while discarding Epicurean philosophy,Marx pointed out that the metaphysical principles of law,as the conceptual form of law,must be a philosophical expression of the unity of universal will and individual will. However,the internal tension of the principles of law is more manifested in the interaction between the principles of law and the real world,and only in the connection between the principles of law and German reality can the principles be realized.

关 键 词：法的形而上学 实体与形式 存在与本质 抽象的个别性 哲学世界化 

分 类 号：A715[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]